Recently, the annual reports of major banks have been released one after another. The situation is as expected by the market. The non-performing loan ratios of major banks have increased significantly. Among them, the "contribution" of the credit card business Particularly noteworthy.
According to statistics from a reporter from Securities Daily, the increase in credit card bad debts of the four major banks may have reached 5 billion yuan last year, which is much higher than the growth rate of housing loans and consumer loans in personal loans.
In addition, our reporter also discovered during unannounced visits recently that illegal cash-out of credit cards has been openly brought to the surface from the previous secret operations, and cash-out tools are no longer limited to basic card-swiping tools such as POS machines. More and more small and simple cash-out tools with extremely low thresholds are circulating in the market, and ordinary people can easily buy such products through e-commerce and other channels. What's more serious is that part of the cashed-out funds were used to invest in the stock market, which obviously increased the financial risk.
There are no restrictions on cashing out funds to buy financial management
"** brand credit card reader, supports most bank credit cards, T+0 payment, single card can cash out 30,000 yuan" , in a QQ group on topics related to credit card cash-out, such messages constantly refresh the screen. The only difference is that the rates of card readers of different brands are slightly different.
Our reporter randomly contacted a salesperson, who introduced it to the reporter in detail without any concerns. The person told reporters that their products can be swiped with chip cards or magnetic stripe cards. The card swiping rate is 0.49% or capped at 35 yuan. Card swiping users can freely choose, and T+1 and T+0 payment methods are also free. If you need money urgently on Saturday or Sunday, you can pay a certain handling fee for expedited settlement. Finally, the person also promised reporters that their products are settled through formal channels and have cooperation with various banks. People in need can buy with confidence.
On a large e-commerce platform, a reporter searched for "card maintenance tool" and a bunch of similar products were immediately recommended. Some merchants even advertised mobile UnionPay card swiping POS machines. The prices of these machines Prices range from more than fifty yuan to hundreds of yuan. An online store with the largest sales volume has recently paid more than 300 people to purchase such machines.
The customer service of the online store said that with this card-keeping tool, you can also get bonus points from the bank by swiping your card, and you can also increase your credit card limit. If the initial limit is low, you can get up to 50,000 yuan by swiping your card on the machine all year round. The amount is even higher. In addition, the backend can also automatically switch merchants, which has the advantage of allowing the bank to see that customers are spending money in different places. In other words, what the bank sees from the cardholder's consumption statement is a record of consumption in different places, so the bank will naturally not conduct compliance investigations. Customer service also reminded reporters that if you use it for cash out, you can cash out up to about 30,000 yuan at a time.
In some forums for exchanging experiences on the use of credit cards, our reporter found that many people cashed out for the purpose of P2P investment or stock trading, and some people also said that they had obtained substantial investment returns by using credit cards to cash out. One of the people said that by taking advantage of the interest-free period of credit cards, one credit card can cash out 30,000 yuan, and 5 credit cards are equivalent to 150,000 yuan. You can use this 150,000 yuan to invest in stocks. When the market is good, you can earn 10% a month. Not a problem.
Xiao Zhao, a "professional" who has been immersed in cashing out using credit cards for many years, said that in the past period, using credit cards to cash out for P2P investment was a business that was sure to make money without losing money. The so-called credit card investment P2P is actually to use the time difference of credit card interest-free period to move funds. Generally speaking, credit cards have an interest-free period of about 50 days. Investors first use credit cards to recharge financial accounts through third-party payment, and then choose projects with a period of less than 50 days to invest.
“The P2P market is relatively stable and funds can come in and out freely. Although many P2P products are mid- to long-term, you can also buy and sell quickly in the secondary market, so you can get away with nothing in the short term. Calculated based on 100,000 yuan, the annualized rate of return of general P2P products is around 12%, and the rate of return in one month is 1%, which is 1,000 yuan a month. Who doesn’t want such benefits?” Xiao Zhao said frankly.
However, our reporter browsed many P2P online lending platforms and found that with the recent tightening of supervision, most of the well-known platforms have stopped using credit cards to recharge on the platform, while many unknown platforms , but the customer service responded that you can recharge with a credit card. The customer service said that as long as you choose Huichao Payment, a third-party payment platform, you can choose a credit card to recharge, and it can support multiple banks.
In fact, in June last year, the central bank issued the "Payment Business Risk Warning—Increase review efforts, improve management levels, and prevent online credit platform risks", requiring that investment and financing commercial institutions such as online credit platforms, commercial Banks and payment institutions are not allowed to open credit card acceptance functions for them, and payment institutions are not allowed to open payment accounts for them for investment and financing activities such as online credit.
The China Banking Regulatory Commission also promulgated the "Notice on Issues Concerning the Credit Card Business of Commercial Banks", which clearly stipulates that personal credit card overdrafts of commercial banks should be used in the consumption field and shall not be used in non-consumption fields such as production, operation, investment, etc.
However, a person in charge of an online loan platform told this reporter that few platform investors choose online banking payment methods, and more choose third-party payment companies. In order to seize market share, these companies have previously Most of them "turn a blind eye" to existing problems.
The non-performing loan rate increased by up to 50%
According to central bank data, as of the end of 2014, a total of 455 million credit cards had been issued, an increase of 16.45% from the end of 2013. However, the credit card business generated The situation of non-performing loans is also deteriorating. The total outstanding credit card credit that is overdue for six months is 35.764 billion yuan, an increase of 10.472 billion yuan or 41.97% from the end of 2013.
Data from the latest annual reports of listed banks also show that credit card bad debts were high in 2014, with some banks' credit card non-performing loan ratios even increasing by more than 50%. A person from the credit card center of a major state-owned bank said frankly that in the past, cashing out of credit cards was a small-scale behavior behind the scenes, but now it is openly traded openly. The main reason is that the cost of violation is relatively low, and the bank's efforts It also requires the cooperation of a third-party payment company to be effective.
Our reporter checked the data and found that among major banks, the non-performing loan balance and non-performing loan rate of credit card business under personal loans are rising the fastest. Taking the four major banks as an example, new non-performing credit card loans exceeded 5 billion yuan last year.
In 2014, China Construction Bank's credit card loan balance was 329.1 billion yuan, non-performing loans were 2.783 billion yuan, and new non-performing loans were 1 billion yuan. The non-performing loan ratio also increased from 0.66% at the end of last year to 0.85%.
The growth of Agricultural Bank of China's credit card non-performing loans is even more obvious. At the end of 2013, the data was 2.25 billion yuan, accounting for 2.6% of the total non-performing loans. The non-performing loan rate was only 1.16%. At the end of last year, The amount of non-performing credit card loans soared to 3.866 billion yuan, accounting for 3.1% of the total non-performing loans, and the non-performing loan rate was also as high as 1.73%.
The balance of non-performing credit card loans of Bank of China has increased by nearly 1.7 billion yuan a year, which is much higher than the growth rate of non-performing housing mortgage loans. It also accounts for 5.29% of non-performing personal loans.
The total increase in credit card non-performing loans of the above three major state-owned banks exceeded 4.3 billion yuan. Although ICBC did not release specific credit card data, its personal non-performing loan data also increased at an alarming rate; throughout 2014, The balance of personal non-performing loans of ICBC increased by 12 billion yuan, and the non-performing loan ratio also increased from 0.75% to 1.05%. The management of ICBC also stated that it will strengthen the collection management of overdue credit card loans, optimize and adjust collection strategies, and further strengthen the collection of non-performing credit card loans. In other words, if you take into account relevant data from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, it is highly likely that the growth of credit card non-performing loans of the four major banks will exceed 5 billion yuan last year.
Pudong Development Bank launched a collection counterattack
Recently, the Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Credit Card Center launched the "National Collection Battle" activity to collect existing and valid contact information of seriously overdue customers from the public. Shanghai Pudong Development Bank's 2014 annual report shows that the bank's personal non-performing loans increased by 1.45 billion yuan last year, an increase of nearly 60%.
According to statistics, there are a total of 1,349 publicized serious overdue customers, distributed in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shandong, Liaoning, Sichuan and other places.
Most overdue amounts range from 20,000 yuan to 60,000 yuan, with the highest overdue principal being 120,000 yuan. Rough statistics show that these seriously overdue amounts total about 60 million yuan.
Pudong Development Credit Card Center also provides certain material rewards: between April 1st and June 30th, if someone provides valid contact information to promote the successful repayment of seriously overdue customers, they can press Repayment vouchers and other rewards will be obtained from the credit card center, including 4% of the actual repayment amount of overdue customers in the form of credit cards, up to a maximum of 5,000 yuan, etc.