During the Anti-Japanese War, a nationally famous anti-Japanese hero appeared in Moyuan County, Hebei Province. His name was Wang Erxiao. Wang Erxiao was only seven years old when he died. When the Japanese were raiding a ravine, in order to protect thousands of fellow villagers and cadres, he risked his own life and led the enemy into an ambush of the Eighth Route Army. The furious Japanese soldiers held Wang Erxiao on the tip of a spear and threw him to death on a big rock. The cadres and fellow villagers were out of danger, and the young hero Wang Erxiao died heroically. The touching story of Wang Erxiao quickly spread throughout the liberated areas. Every fellow villager sang the song of Erxiao Cowherd with tears in his eyes. The Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Daily reported the heroic deeds of Wang Erxiao on the front page. Tufang Bing and Jiefu, who were both literary and artistic warriors in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area, quickly composed the famous children's song "Singing the Second Little Cowherd" that was later sung throughout China.
It has been more than 50 years since the anti-Japanese hero Wang Erxiao died heroically. However, his heroic deeds and dedication will always inspire and inspire us, and he will always live in our hearts.
Zhang Zizhong, the commander-in-chief of the 33rd Group Army of the National Revolutionary Army, led his troops in many bloody battles with the Japanese army. He once won the battles of Xifenkou, Linyi, and Suizao. He later died for his country in the Battle of Zaoyi.
p>
(2) The five heroes of Langya Mountain, in order to cover the retreat of the masses and large forces to block Shubei and his own Japanese army, finally ran out of ammunition and food and all jumped off the cliff.
(3) Lin Zexu, anti-smoking movement, strengthening China.
(4) Li Zongren, a famous patriotic democrat, served as the commander-in-chief of the Fifth War Zone during the Anti-Japanese War, and organized the Battle of Xuzhou, the Winter Offensive, the Battle of Zaoyi and other major frontal battlefields In the battle, we won the great victory in Taierzhuang. We effectively attacked the Japanese invaders.
============================== ===
Yue Fei (1103-1142), named Pengju, was born in a tenant farmer's family in Tangyin, Xiangzhou (now Tangyin County, Henan Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty. In his youth, he met the noble Jin Jurchen Launched a large-scale plundering war against Song Dynasty. He witnessed with his own eyes the tragic historical facts before and after the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, and was connected with the people in the occupied areas of the Central Plains at that time. He had a strong desire and demand to resolutely resist the oppression of the Jurchen aristocratic nation, regain his homeland, and unify the motherland.
At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Han, Khitan, Bohai, Xi and other ethnic groups who were deeply oppressed by their nationalities "hatred the Kingdom of Jin deep into their bones" and organized resistance one after another.
Since the 1220s, a vigorous national war against the Jin Dynasty has been launched in the north and south of the Yellow River and between the two Huaihe Rivers. Yue Fei, together with Zong Ze and Han Shizhong, the famous anti-Jin generals, stood at the forefront of the anti-Jin struggle. However, the corrupt ruling group of the Northern Song Dynasty adopted a policy of compromise and surrender. In 1127 (the second year of Jingkang), after Huizong Zhao Ji and Qinzong Zhao Huan were kidnapped, the leader of the Southern Song Dynasty's small court, Zhao Gou, also surrendered. group. He preferred to settle down in the south of the Yangtze River, indulging in singing and dancing, and had no real determination and intention to organize the anti-Jin national war and carry it through to the end. The difference was that he trusted Qin Hui and other capitulationists and used them to come forward to negotiate a series of surrenders. On the one hand, he used the anti-war factions such as Zongze, Yue Fei, and Han Shizhong to withstand the fierce offensive of the Jin army in order to retain his throne as emperor and accumulate the capital to kneel down and sue for peace. By the mid-1220s, after the formation of a military demarcation line between the Song and Jin Dynasties that stretched from Jianghuai in the east to Shaanxi in the west, the Zhao Gou and Qin Hui ruling groups had actually become the biggest stumbling block in the Southern Song Dynasty's struggle against the Jin; Later, the anti-war factions such as Yue Fei and Han Shizhong became the biggest obstacle to the activities of the surrender factions of Zhao Gou and Qin Hui. The struggle between the anti-Japanese war faction and the capitulation faction within the Southern Song Dynasty court became increasingly acute.
Yue Fei firmly opposed peace negotiations, advocated fighting to the end, regardless of personal honor and safety, and resolutely fought against the surrender activities of Zhao Gou and Qin Hui. In 1139 (the ninth year of Shaoxing), Yue Fei heard that the Song-Jin peace treaty was about to be reached in Ezhou (today's Wuchang, Hubei Province), and immediately wrote a letter to express his opposition, saying that "the Jin people cannot be trusted, and peace cannot be relied on", and directly criticized the "Xiangguo" Qin Hui's plans and ill-intentioned surrender activities made "Qin Hui hate him". After the peace agreement was reached, Gaozong Zhaogou was so proud that he issued an edict of amnesty and generous rewards to the civil and military ministers.
In 1141 (the eleventh year of Shaoxing), he was falsely accused of "rebellion" and imprisoned in Lin'an Dali Temple (the original site was near Xiaocheqiao in today's Hangzhou). The supervisory censor Wanhou* (voiced by Momochi) personally interrogated and tortured Yue Fei to force him to confess. At the same time, the governments of the Song and Jin Dynasties were intensifying their planning for the second peace negotiation. Both sides regarded the anti-war faction as a thorn in their side. Jin Wushu even wrote a letter to Qin Hui with a fierce look: "Yue Fei must be killed and then peace can be made." Under the attack of evil forces, Yue Fei remained upright, upright and loyal to his country. From him, Qin Hui and his gang could not find any evidence of "rebellion against the imperial court," but Yue Fei was still "specially granted death" by Zhao Gou on the Lunar New Year's Eve in the eleventh year of Shaoxing, and was killed in the Dali Temple in Lin'an at the age of thirty-nine. Years old. Yue Fei's general Zhang Xian and his son Yue Yun were also beheaded at the city gate. The death of Yue Fei, his son, and Zhang Xian at the hands of the traitorous emperor aroused strong anger among the anti-Jin army and the people. Han Shizhong questioned Qin Hui face to face, but Qin Hui hesitated. The word "The object does not exist (perhaps it does). Han Shizhong refuted it on the spot: "How can you serve the world with the word "unfounded"?" The national hero Yue Fei died unjustly on the charge of "unfounded". Before his death, he wrote in his confession, "The sky is clear, the sky is clear. "Zhao Zhao" in eight characters. This is a cry of grief and indignation!
Although Yue Fei was killed, his dedication to serving the country is indelible. It was he who expressed the demands of the oppressed nation and insisted on With noble national integrity, they persisted in the just struggle against the Jin Dynasty under difficult conditions, and knew how to love the anti-Jin Dynasty forces of the people. They united with the anti-Jin Dynasty soldiers and civilians to save half of the rivers and mountains of the Southern Song Dynasty, and saved the people of southern China from the Jin rulers. Yue Fei is worthy of being an outstanding national hero in the history of our country
======== ==========================
World War II aerial hero Chen Ruidian
October 4, 1997 , the U.S. Air Force Combat Heroes Hall of the U.S. Air Force History Museum held a ceremony to commend the first American air combat hero of World War II. Surprisingly, he was a Chinese American. This man was Chen Ruidian, the World War II air hero. For Chen Ruidian, this honor came decades late
The U.S. Air Force Historical Museum, located in Midland, Texas, USA, has a collection of more than 300 American aircraft. Its affiliated U.S. Air Force Combat Heroes Museum specializes in collecting and exhibiting the deeds of American air combat heroes. However, the air combat heroes selected for the museum must have a record of shooting down more than 5 enemy aircraft before being selected by the museum's advisory committee. The title of Air Combat Hero (ACE) is awarded. The advisory committee is composed of active and retired US Air Force chiefs of staff, military experts, and aviation experts, including a retired British Air Force Marshal, ***120 people.
During this year's commemoration of the "July 7 Marco Polo Bridge Incident" and the "August 14th Anti-Japanese Air War Victory", American public opinion circles have conducted extensive publicity on Chen Ruitian's award as an air combat hero, and discussed his heroic deeds and ups and downs. Life was introduced. For example, the American "World Daily", "International Daily", "Sing Tao Daily", and the American Cable TV Military Channel wrote an article on him as the "Chinese War Eagle." ", "America's first air combat hero" in World War II; "World Journal", when publishing his uniform photo in the Guangdong Air Force, called him "the most common air combat hero in China and the United States" and "forever famous. Everyone admires you." This caused great repercussions in American society, especially among overseas Chinese compatriots.
With outstanding military exploits, in 1932, Chen Ruidian, who was only 19 years old, returned to the motherland full of enthusiasm. In 1937 The day after the "August 13th Incident", he participated in the "August 14th" air battle that shocked China and the world. Two days later, he flew an American-made "Hawker" biplane fighter and shot down a Japanese "Mitsubishi" bomber, making his first attack. Record of shooting down enemy aircraft. Between 1937 and 1939, he shot down six enemy planes and assisted his wingman in shooting down three enemy planes. In air combat, he fought bravely and bravely. His plane was shot down by enemy planes three times, but he successfully parachuted out and survived.
On one occasion, when his plane was hit, he flew the plane straight into the enemy plane and crashed it. He himself successfully parachuted to his death when his plane lost one wing. The other time was in the autumn of 1939 when Chen Ruidian, who was the deputy commander of the Air Force, twice led the aircraft to cover the Soviet Air Force's bombing of enemy-occupied areas around Kunlun Pass. On December 27, in a battle over Yongning, three Chinese planes participating in the battle encountered more than 10 Japanese fighter jets. After an hour of fierce air combat, the Chinese army shot down three enemy planes. During the battle, Chen Ruidian's fuel tank was unfortunately hit by an enemy plane and caught fire, and his whole body was also on fire. He parachuted with fire. In order to use the high-speed airflow to blow out the flames on his body, he did not open the parachute in time after parachuting. He always kept a clear mind and did not open the parachute until he was about to land. Although the parachute was successful, his face and body were still covered in large areas. burn. His heroic deeds were widely praised at the time and he was known as "Chima's Warhawk". It was also compiled into an American English extracurricular book "Chima's Warhawk" and published. The "Real Heroes, True Stories in Comics" series of books published in the United States in 1946, published the 13th issue from March to April of that year, titled "Thrilling Stories abour Real People" ), introducing his anti-Japanese record and extraordinary experience. To commemorate his victory in 1937 when he shot down Japan's advanced Mitsubishi Type 96 monoplane bomber with a relatively backward bi-wing Hawker fighter, the famous American painter Roy Grinnell also specially painted a painting to show the fierce air battle scene at that time. . It is said that a Hollywood film company is also interested in putting his deeds on the screen. On October 4 last year, the U.S. Air Force Museum selected him as the earliest air combat hero in the United States during World War II, which is reasonable. At the commendation ceremony, he was called "America's first World War II air combat hero."
Having experienced ups and downs, Chen Ruidian is originally from Dajiang Village, Taishan County, Guangdong Province. Her father is Chinese and her mother is Peruvian. Chen Ruidian was born in Portland, Oregon, in 1913. He was interested in flying in his early years, so he relied on working part-time to earn money to learn to fly in high school. He obtained an American pilot's license when Japan invaded China. After the "September 18th" incident in 1932, the Chinese in Portland decided to send volunteers back to China to participate in the anti-Japanese air war. At that time, Chen Ruidian had graduated from the American Aviation School founded by local Chinese, and he volunteered to fight with volunteers from Oregon, Washington, and Thirteen patriotic young people from California joined the volunteer army, including a young woman.
Chen Ruidian and his party first arrived in Shanghai by boat, but were not taken in by the Central Army of the Kuomintang. In November of that year, he was transferred to Chen Jitang in Guangzhou and joined the Guangdong Air Force. Soon he was assigned to the Sixth Flight of the Guangdong Air Force. Team, rank second lieutenant. In 1935, he was sent to Germany to learn fighter flying and tactics and was promoted to lieutenant after returning home. In July 1936, due to Chen Jitang's defection to the Nanjing government, the Guangdong Air Force was subsequently incorporated by the central government, and Chen Ruitian was assigned to serve as a fighter flight instructor at the Jianqiao Central Aviation School in Hangzhou. In October of the same year, he was appointed squadron leader of the 17th Squadron of the 3rd Battalion of the Air Force in Guangdong.
In the summer of 1938, he was promoted to major and squadron leader.
In 1939, he was promoted to deputy captain of the 3rd Brigade.
From the "July 7" Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937 to the Battle of Kunlun Pass on December 27, 1939, he performed many interception and escort missions in East China, South China, and Central and South China, and participated in the famous Major battles such as the Victory of Jianqiao in Hangzhou, the Air Battle of Wuhan and the Defense of Nanjing. During the battle at Kunlun Pass, Chen Ruidian was severely burned due to a fire in the fuel tank of his plane. Due to inconvenient transportation, it took him three full days to be sent to Liuzhou Hospital. At that time, the facial wound was infected and inflamed. Due to poor local medical conditions, he could not receive good treatment. He later moved to Hong Kong and Hengyang. Finally, with the help of General Chennault of the Flying Tigers and Madame Soong Meiling, Chiang Kai-shek's wife, he returned to the United States for medical treatment in 1940. In the United States, despite five years of plastic surgery, his face was unsuccessful.
Regardless of his distorted face, he returned to the motherland in early 1945, performed airlift missions on the Hump Route, and continued to contribute to the anti-Japanese war. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he became a pilot of China Airlines. In the summer of 1949, he returned to Portland and worked at a local post office sorting and distributing letters from 1952 until his retirement in 1983. Unfortunately, he died of illness on September 3, 1997, at the age of 84.
Chen Ruidian had three wives before and after him. The first is the patriotic overseas Chinese Wu Yuemei, the daughter of Wu Qianfang, a diplomat in Dr. Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary government. She met Chen Ruidian when she was studying in Guangdong. During a night raid by Japanese planes in Liuzhou, she threw herself on her husband and was hit by shrapnel to save her husband. Chen Ruidian and Wu Yuemei had two sons. The second person he started with was a nurse he met during his five years of treatment in New York, the United States, the American Francis Murdock. In 1945, because Chen Ruidian returned to the motherland to fight against Japan after being discharged from the hospital, they broke up. The two have a daughter.
The third wife is Yang Ruizhi, who is from Shanghai. She met him while working as a ground handler for China Airlines and married in 1948. They have a boy who is now a diplomat with the U.S. State Department in Singapore.
Chen Ruidian currently has 4 children, 10 grandchildren and 1 great-grandson.
Topping the list
Chen Ruidian’s heroic deeds and ups and downs greatly shocked another American air combat hero, Ken Jernstbt.
Ken Jernst is a U.S. Air Force volunteer pilot with the Flying Tigers aiding China. After retiring from the military, he served as an Oregon State Senator for more than 30 years. During the war against Japan during World War II, he achieved a brilliant record of destroying 12 enemy aircraft (shooting down 5 Japanese aircraft in the air and 7 Japanese aircraft on the ground). Therefore, he has long been awarded the title of American Air Combat Hero (ACE).
When Chen Ruidian returned to the United States for medical treatment in 1940, he also took the same plane, and the two got to know each other. Although he himself had become famous, he was deeply moved when he learned about Chen Ruidian's bravery, outstanding military exploits and unfortunate experiences. He believes that Chen Ruitian is undoubtedly the first air combat hero of the United States in World War II. For this reason, he has long been aggrieved that Chen Ruitian is not listed on the list of air combat heroes, and tried his best to recommend Chen Ruitian to the Air Force Museum Advisory Committee to be included in the list of air combat heroes.
However, the advisory committee believes that the United States officially declared war on Japan after the "Pearl Harbor incident" on December 7, 1941, and Chen Ruitian had returned to the United States for medical treatment in 1940, and Chen Ruitian was not participating in The US Air Force is not the Guangdong Air Force, so it has been unable to identify it.
In fact, the attitude of the Kuomintang Air Force has been very disappointing for a long time: first of all, it should not have turned away Chen Ruidian, who came to Shanghai to join the army with the intention of serving the motherland with aviation; Chen Ruidian does not publicize or commend him because Chen is not directly affiliated with the Central Army but with the Guangdong Air Force. When former Taiwan Air Force Commander-in-Chief General Lai Mingtang talked about this matter, he once said: Chen Ruitian was part of Chen Jitang's Guangdong faction army and was not part of the Central Army. Although he had shot down many Japanese planes, they did not count. How ridiculous!
After Ken Jernst’s unremitting campaign and lobbying, the advisory committee finally concluded that Chen Ruitian was fighting the same enemy. The U.S. Air Force Flying Tigers had been on the battlefield in China long before the United States declared war on Japan. Fighting against Japan, Chen Ruitian himself was an American citizen, so he accepted Jaynest's recommendation. During the selection process, Jaynest also strongly insisted that Chen Ruitian was the first American hero to shoot down a Japanese plane. Therefore, Chen Ruidian's name was engraved on the hero list of the U.S. Air Force Combat Heroes Hall in 1997, and he was officially selected as the first air combat hero of the United States in World War II. This time, there were seven other U.S. Air Force heroes who were selected to be included in the "Who's Who of U.S. Air Force Combat Heroes" at the same time as him.
Chen Ruidian learned the news before his death, and originally planned to attend the commendation ceremony in person. Unfortunately, he passed away just one month and one day before the ceremony, and his 17-year-old His grandson attended the event on his behalf.
Chen Ruidian’s heroic deeds and unfortunate experiences have aroused great repercussions in American society, and Chinese Americans and news media are even more concerned. In addition to extensive publicity and reporting by the press, the American cable television military channel is also preparing to film his legendary life into a special series, and intends to film a series of feature films on the air combat heroes who returned to their motherland to participate in the Anti-Japanese War. To this end, they specially entrusted Dr. Ye Chenhui, an expert in Silicon Valley in the United States, to help find and collect information about Chen Ruidian during his lifetime, especially photos before his facial disfigurement, as well as information about other heroes.
Mr. Ye Chenhui has done a lot of research on the history of air combat. Last year, he passed the Chinese media (see the article "Barber's Adventures in China" in the June 1997 issue of this magazine) and through the efforts of relevant departments in Hunan. , finally found two benefactors who had saved the American air combat hero Barber during the Anti-Japanese War at the beginning of this year. Before being rescued in that distress, Barber had flown a plane to shoot down the plane of Japanese Navy Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto (see the article "Who shot down Yamamoto should be revealed" in the June 1997 issue of this magazine).