Understanding Cards

Chapter 1 Appearance and Function of Credit Card (debit card) At present, many banks only pay attention to issuing cards, but ignore the education of using cards, and even hardly publicize the knowledge of credit cards (debit cards). The serious lack of knowledge of credit cards (debit cards) by the majority of cardholders is an important reason for some cardholders to become "Kanu". Understanding credit cards (debit cards) is the only way to become a "card god". Understand the whole picture of credit card (debit card) If you want to make yourself a "card god", users should calm down and understand the relevant knowledge of credit card (debit card), and find out what credit card (debit card) is and how banks can make money from cardholders.

Many people have credit cards (debit cards). Credit cards (debit cards) are not savings cards. In addition to the card number of credit cards (debit cards), there are many important information on the card surface, which is necessary for many card-free payments, so it is very important for cardholders. But how much do you know about the information on the credit card (debit card)?

credit cards (debit cards) are mostly made of special materials, with different shapes, exquisite manufacture and easy to carry. It is non-monetary in itself, but it can be widely used in payment, consumer credit, settlement and other fields through computer network system, so credit card (debit card) is also known as "electronic money".

on the front of the credit card (debit card), the name and logo of the issuer, the organization logo (international organization logo) of the credit card (debit card), the card number, the English or pinyin name, the activation date (one share is calculated to the month) and the effective date (generally calculated to the month) are displayed; The card magnetic stripe is displayed on the back. Cardholder's signature column (signature is required after activation), domestic and overseas service hotlines, the last four digits of the card number or all the card numbers (to prevent fraudulent use), and the credit card (debit card) security code (on the signature column on the back of the credit card (debit card), the three digits immediately after the last four digits of the card number). For TV, telephone network transactions, etc.).

1 card number Most people will have a credit card (debit card) in their wallets that says "I'm happy this month, no matter I cry next month". Each card will have a string of 16-digit card numbers, which are unique. Banks "only recognize numbers but don't recognize faces". Of course, this string of numbers will not be randomly dialed to cardholders, and they have their own rules.

credit cards (debit cards) all have their own card numbers-16 digits arranged on the cards (15 digits for American Express and 14 digits for Diners), and the card numbers are authentication barcodes for collection or payment.

credit card (debit card) BIN at present, the international standard of credit card (debit card) is 16-digit card number, and the first 6 digits are the BIN of credit card (debit card), which is allocated by international card organizations. Credit card (debit card) BIN refers to the identification code of the issuing bank, which is called Bank dinifiation Number in English and abbreviated as BIN, and is used to indicate the issuing bank or institution. (1)9 prefix BIN number. According to the ISO/IEC7812 document of the International Organization for Standardization, the 9-prefix BIN number is assigned by a domestic standard organization and is not suitable for global use. (2)6-prefix BIN number. At the end of October, 22, China UnionPay applied for 8 international and domestic 6-prefix BIN numbers on behalf of various card issuers. UnionPay standard card is a bank card issued in accordance with the business and technical standards of China UnionPay, with a unique "UnionPay" logo on the card surface, and the issuer's identification code (BIN) is allocated and confirmed by China UnionPay. At present, the BIN of UnionPay standard cards issued by China UnionPay member institutions is "62", and the assigned BIN norm is: 622126-622925.

Experts remind:

Some member institutions use bank cards that have been independently applied to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and have a unique "UnionPay" logo on the card surface. After testing, they meet the business and technical standards of China UnionPay, and after signing an agreement with China UnionPay, they are also included in the UnionPay standard card management

(3)3 prefix BIN number. 3 At the beginning, Japan JCB and American Express. JCB (Japan Credit Bureau in English, or Japanese Finance Card in Chinese) were credit card (credit card) organizations established in 1961 by Japan's Mitsui Bank, Japan's Credit Bank, Mitsui Bank, Concord Bank and Daiwa Bank. American Express

is the largest Universal Picture in the world for tourism services, comprehensive finance, financial investment and information processing. It is the only service company among the 3 companies in the Dow Jones Industrial Index that reflect the American economy, with a leading position in credit cards, traveler's checks, travel, financial planning and international banking.

(4)4-prefix BIN number, with the first 4 in BIN being VISA card, which is also translated as VISA and VISA, is a credit card (debit card) brand, which is operated and managed by Visa International Organization located in San Francisco, California, USA. VISA is a global payment technology company, connecting consumers, enterprises, financial institutions and governments in more than 2 countries and regions around the world, and promoting people to use digital currency more conveniently instead of cash or checks.

Experts remind

VISA to provide cardholders with more payment options, including debit cards for instant payment, prepaid cards for early payment or credit cards (debit cards) for later payment. In addition, VISA can also provide customized solutions in different markets to meet the special requirements of enterprises and government agencies of all sizes.

(5)5-prefix BIN number. 5 The beginning is the international brand MasterCard, which is an internationally accepted credit card (debit card) system founded by mastercard international in the late 195s and early 196s. Mastercard international is a non-profit association that includes financial institutions all over the world. Its members include commercial banks, savings and loan associations and credit cooperatives.

Experts remind

At present, there are six major credit card (debit card) brands in the world, namely VisA InternationaL and MasterCard lnternational. America Express, China unionPay, Diners Club and JCB Japan International Credit Card Company.

2. Regional information

The 7th-15th digits of credit card (debit card) numbers are assigned by banks according to their own needs. Here, taking the VISA card of China Construction Bank as an example, the meaning is introduced.

(1) The 7th-9th digits: 1-34 are the regional credit card (debit card) issuing interval numbers specified by the Head Office, and those beyond this interval are off-site cards.

(2) 1th place: -8 means personal card, and 9 means company card.

(3) 11th-13th digits: the card issuing sequence number.

(4) the 14th digit: is the main card, 1-9 is the auxiliary card,

(5) the 15th digit: the number of credit cards (debit cards) collected,

3. The check number

The credit card (debit card) number often needs to be input, scanned, transmitted and retrieved, and these processes are all wrong.

for ordinary 16-digit digital credit card (debit card), the first 15 digits are determined by the issuing bank. The last digit is calculated by some algorithm through the first 15 digits. This algorithm was invented by Hans Peter luhn, an engineer from IBM, in 1954. At that time, it was applied for a patent, and now it has been made public, entering the public knowledge field and becoming a standard of the international standards organization: ISO/IEC 7811-1.

Experts remind

Obviously, all errors can't be detected by just one number (the probability of hitting is 1 in 1), but the Luhn algorithm is very intelligent, and it can detect any one-bit error (inputting a wrong number). Beaga, swap the 9 and 6 of the card number above, and it will be detected. These are the mistakes that people often make when entering the card number, so the proofreading code still plays a big role

Therefore, it is best for cardholders to write down their commonly used credit card numbers and keep them with them for emergency use. If you know the card number, the process of reporting the loss will be much easier. For example, I can directly enter the bank that reports the loss through the first-level menu of the telephone service hotline, and I can report the loss by myself without listening to long music and waiting for manual customer service.

2 bank logo

In 1959, Bank of America issued the first bank credit card (debit card). In 1965, American commercial banks that developed credit cards (debit cards) began to expand their national business. In 1966, they authorized their trademarks to other banks and issued a Bank Americard with blue, white and gold patterns. At this point, the bank logo of credit cards (debit cards) was born.

Experts remind

The bank logo of China Bank was officially used by the head office of China Bank in 1986. On the whole, the Logo of China Bank represents the bank in the shape of ancient money, and the word "China" represents China. The outer circle indicates that China Bank is an international bank facing the world.