Credit instruments include loans, credit cards, credit guarantees, credit ratings and other forms, which play an important role in the financial market.

1. Loan: It is a form of funds provided by banks or other financial institutions to borrowers. The borrower needs to return the borrowed funds according to the agreed period and interest rate.

2. Credit card: It is a payment tool based on credit rating. Cardholders can purchase goods or services and pay credit card bills according to the agreed period. Banks can provide services such as overdraft lines and preferential activities.

3. Credit guarantee: refers to the borrower seeking third-party institutions to guarantee its repayment ability to increase its credit reliability, such as mortgage, guarantee and credit insurance.

4. Credit rating: Professional institutions evaluate the borrower's credit status according to certain standards and make corresponding rating results. Credit ratings are usually divided into AAA, AA, A, BBB, There are several grades such as BB and B.

Credit instruments play an important role in the financial market, which can increase the security and efficiency of financial transactions, and also provide borrowers with more financing channels and opportunities. However, it is also necessary to pay attention to the conditions and risks of using credit instruments to avoid unnecessary economic losses and credit burdens.