Credit cards have two concepts: billing date and repayment date (also known as the last repayment date). Bookkeeping date is the date of transaction settlement in a bookkeeping cycle, and repayment date is a repayment cycle. Because you can't get back in touch with customer service, it doesn't rule out that you misunderstood the customer service staff's explanation or that the customer service staff's statement was unclear or even incorrect.
The repayment date is mainly used by banks to judge whether the cardholder has a malicious overdraft tendency and judge the cardholder's economic situation. Therefore, repayment after the last repayment date will inevitably lead to overdue records. Whether this record can be changed from the central bank requires further consultation between you and the issuing bank.