If the failure to serve is due to the refusal of the defendant or his adult family members and other relevant personnel, it may be served by lien. According to Article 86 of the Civil Procedure Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), if the addressee or his adult family refuses to accept the litigation documents, the addressee may invite the representatives of relevant grass-roots organizations or units to be present to explain the situation, record the reasons and date of refusal on the service receipt, and leave the litigation documents at the addressee's residence, which shall be signed or sealed by the addressee and witnesses. You can also leave the litigation documents at the addressee's residence and record the delivery process by taking photos, videos, etc. , that is, as delivery.

If all other procedures have been exhausted, the defendant cannot be found and the summons cannot be served on the defendant, the court may announce the service. The relevant legal basis is the provision of Article 92 of the Civil Procedure Law of People's Republic of China (PRC): "If the whereabouts of the addressee are unknown or cannot be served by other means specified in this section, the notice shall be served. Sixty days after the announcement, it shall be deemed to have been delivered. When the announcement is delivered, the reason and process shall be recorded in the case file. "