The salaries of officials in the Ming and Qing dynasties were meager, and living on them was rather shabby. The salary of the prime minister in the Song Dynasty was five times that of the Ming Dynasty.
The salary in Song Dynasty includes many dazzling items, such as salary (money), millet (rice), job money, public money, professional fields, tea and soup money, coupons (travel expenses), cooking materials, firewood and so on, and most of them are paid in currency. There are modest people (servants), clothing materials (servants ordered by officials, with a grain of 3,000 yuan per person per year, silk 350 yuan per horse, cotton 40 yuan per horse, etc. ), etc. I won't list them one by one. In addition, the imperial court often gives rewards. The early Song Dynasty basically followed the system of the later Zhou Dynasty and adopted the user system. In the early years of Emperor Taizong, the household system was abolished, and the official gave 1/3 money and 2/3 in kind. The salary was low at first. Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu had a big salary increase for the first time in five years (10 12). During the reign of Emperor Jiayou of Injong, the "Lu Order" was formally formulated, such as stipulating that the prime minister and the Tang dynasty would receive a salary of 300 taels per month, 20 silks for spring clothes and 30 silks for winter clothes, and two for winter cotton 100. Yuanfeng changed the system, adjusted the rank and salary, and increased it again. At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, due to financial difficulties, salaries and rice and wheat were given in half. The salary system in the Song Dynasty was very complicated, such as 465,438+0 during the reign of Injong, and there were some differences among different classes according to their official positions. For details, please refer to the official records of the History of Song Dynasty.
Prime ministers and first-class officials in the Tang Dynasty received a monthly salary of 3,000 yuan, including 20 silks in spring and summer, 30 silks, cotton 120, and Lu Suyue 100 stone. Local state and county officials, big county (more than 10 thousand) county magistrate 20 thousand a month, small county magistrate 12 thousand a month, Lu Su five to three stones a month. In addition to the fixed salary, there are various subsidies, such as tea, wine, kitchen materials, wages, Artemisia, charcoal, salt and even horse feed, attendants' clothes, food and meals. This is quite impressive. In Song Zhenzong, foreign officials are not allowed to bring their families. The alimony of family members is provided by the government, and daily necessities such as rice, noodles and sheep are provided every month. In addition, there are "public funds" (that is, hospitality). For example, the money spent by "xianggong" can be as high as 20 thousand, and there is no ceiling on it. "If it runs out, it will be updated indefinitely." Besides public funds, there are also "professional fields". All officials have their own fields, 40 hectares in Beijing and Dafan, 35 hectares in the sub-buffer zone and 7 hectares in remote counties. Moreover, "foreign officials occupy more land than in the past", tenants rent seeds and officials enjoy the benefits.
Note: In general dynasties, one or two taels of silver is equal to the usual copper coins, and three thousand (three hundred penetration) is three hundred taels of silver.
Both the History of Grain and Goods in Song Dynasty and Zi Zhi Tong Jian mentioned that since Zhenzong, the stock of silver was too small to keep up with the economic development, and the price of silver kept rising. Basically, more than 2000 copper coins are used as one or two pieces of silver.
Purchasing power of silver: You can basically buy 4-8 stone rice in Song Dynasty 1 2. Based on 66 kilograms of Song Shi, 1 two silver is equivalent to nearly 924- 1848 yuan; (When the weight of turquoise is 96 kg, it is equivalent to 1 two silver 672- 1344 yuan)
The specific algorithm is as follows: According to the record of "Before Feng, there were only 600-700 meters of rice and stones" in the Records of Grain and Goods in Song Dynasty and the record of "30 yuan per bucket (meter)" in the Official History of Song Dynasty, we take 2000 copper coins as one or two silver, and the rice price in peacetime is 1 stone. 1 Two basics can buy 4-8 stones of rice. Calculated by 66 kg, 1 2 is equivalent to nearly 924- 1848 yuan. (Turquoise weighs 96 Jin, equivalent to RMB 1 two silver 672- 1344 yuan). The price of rice is about 1.75 yuan per catty (generally 1.5 yuan-2 yuan, whichever is the median).
In the Song Dynasty, the county magistrate of Qipin County (small county) ordered 12 yuan per month. If one or two yuan was close to 924- 1848 yuan, the monthly salary was11088 ~ 22178 yuan/one or two yuan was 672-/kloc-.
According to purchasing power, the value of one or two pieces of silver in the middle and late Qing Dynasty was about RMB 150-220 yuan. The value in the middle of the Ming Dynasty is 600-800 yuan RMB; 600 yuan-1300 yuan in the middle of the northern song dynasty (or 1000- 1800 yuan); 2000-4000 yuan in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. With the change of dynasties, the purchasing power of silver is declining. As the prime minister of the dynasty, Bao Zheng earned about RMB 30,000-50,000 per month. I hope you are satisfied with my answer.