What are quotas and CCER?
The concept of quota is easy to understand. The government gives it to emission control enterprises, and enterprises can buy and sell each other according to their own emissions. When the quota of an enterprise is surplus, it can be sold in the carbon market. When the quota of enterprises is insufficient, they need to buy in the market.
The voluntary emission reduction trading market is an important supplement to the carbon quota trading market, and CCER is used as the offset index of carbon quota in the carbon trading pilot area according to the ratio of 5%- 10%.
What is the relationship between quota and CCER?
(1) The credit line and CCER source are different.
The quota of enterprises is generally obtained by the government through free distribution or auction, while CCER is produced by emission reduction projects, and enterprises obtain it through independent development. At present, CCER project development includes ten types: forestry (forest, bamboo forest), grassland, cultivated land, ocean, frozen soil, karst, wind power, photovoltaic, biogas, biomass and garbage disposal (garbage incineration for heating).
(2) Different holders
The quota is held by controlled enterprises, that is, only controlled enterprises have quota accounts, and individuals and uncontrolled enterprises cannot open quota accounts; Most CCER holders are non-emission control enterprises, such as those familiar with clean energy projects, such as wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, biogas power generation and biomass power generation.
(3) the use ratio is different
In the process of performing the contract, the enterprise takes quota as the main factor, supplemented by CCER. There is no restriction on the use of quota, but CCER can only be deducted from 5%- 10% of quota.
(4) Different prices
In the carbon trading market, the price of quota is generally higher than CCER. According to market transactions, the price of CCER is generally 50-70% of the quota.
(5) Both assets can span the current time point.
Quota and CCER are the assets of an enterprise, which have liquidity and liquidity and will not disappear with the passage of time. That is to say, the enterprise's quota of 202 1 and CCER can still be used in 2022, and it is not said that 202 1 will expire in 2022 if it is not used up.
How to make good use of their relationship to benefit enterprises?
1. Make full use of CCER project to offset the quota.
For example:
According to the quota allocation regulations of the state or governments at all levels, Company A and Company B emit 654.38+00,000 tons/year of carbon dioxide (carbon quota). By the end of the performance period, Company A passed the energy-saving transformation and was verified by a professional third-party organization, but Company B did not do any energy-saving and emission reduction work. After verification, the carbon dioxide emission was 6.5438+0.2 million tons.
Enterprise A: We have emitted 800,000 tons of carbon dioxide, with a surplus of 200,000 tons, so we can make a profit by selling the remaining 20 tons of quota?
The best way for Enterprise A is to offset the quota of 5% with CCER project, so that the remaining quota will become 250,000 tons, and the difference between the quota and CCER market will be about 5- 10 yuan, and the additional profit will be 250,000-500,000 yuan.
Enterprise B: Our carbon dioxide emission is 6.5438+200,000 tons, and the quota of enterprises is insufficient. If the CCER project is used to offset the 5% quota, the 200,000 tons of carbon emissions that Company B has exceeded can be offset by 50,000 tons of CCER, and the remaining excess is 6,543,800+0.5 million tons, which can be fulfilled by purchasing quotas. The market price difference between quota and CCER is about 5-654.38+00 yuan, which is acceptable.
2. Choose a good buying and selling opportunity.
Enterprises need to pay attention to the relationship between supply and demand in the carbon trading market, especially when the performance period is approaching. The price of CCER skyrocketed 18 times, and the market transaction price was as high as one ton of 42 yuan. The purchase cost is relatively high at this time. Therefore, enterprises should plan their own carbon emissions in advance, buy the required CCER at a low price, and optimize the allocation of carbon assets.