9:49 on September 24, 24 Economic Information Daily
Editor's note: With the in-depth development of the economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, investment and financial management has gradually become an important aspect that determines and affects people's lives, and articles on guiding people to invest have emerged as the times require. Various newspapers and propaganda media have introduced and recommended them to people in their own unique ways. Good methods and new ways and means emerge one after another. However, people often neglect one thing in media publicity and introduction, that is, the cultivation of financial awareness and the introduction of basic concepts. In order to make people truly become experts in investment and financial management, we must first establish a new understanding, starting from the national conditions of
countries and the living conditions of ordinary people, so that more ordinary people can realize the direct relationship between investment and financial management and their own lives, uncover the mysterious veil artificially cast on investment and financial management, and make investment and financial management a necessary part of ordinary people's lives. This manuscript published in this journal today has made a detailed exposition on how to establish the concept of investment and financial management. Although it belongs to one family, I believe it will have certain reference and reference value for readers.
concept 1: establish a strong belief that investment and financial management is not the patent of the rich
in our daily life, there are always many working-class or low-and middle-income people who hold the concept that "only those who have money are qualified to talk about investment and financial management". It is generally believed that a fixed monthly salary is almost enough to meet the daily expenses, so where can I get the extra money? "Financial investment is the patent of the rich and has nothing to do with their own lives" is still the general public's idea.
in fact, the less money people have, the more they need to manage their finances. For example, if you have 1, yuan on you, but your property is lost due to financial mistakes, it is likely that many problems will immediately endanger your life security. Even if the rich people with a value of one million, ten million or hundreds of millions of yuan make financial mistakes, losing half of their property will not affect their original life. Therefore, we must first establish an idea that financial management is a major event that accompanies life, regardless of wealth. In this "life management" process, the poorer people are, the more they can't afford to lose, and they should treat financial management seriously and cautiously.
financial investment is the patent of the rich, and the financial strategies of newspapers, television, internet and other media, which are the sources of public life information, are the "privileged areas" to serve the minority in financial management. If you really think so, you are all wet. Of course, among all sentient beings, the so-called truly rich people are in the minority, while the middle-class wage earners and the middle and lower classes still account for the vast majority. It can be seen that investment and financial management is a matter of solidarity with life, and the poor who have no money or the middle class who have just entered the society and have no fixed property should not escape. Even if you are short of money and insignificant, you may "gather sand into a tower", and if you use it properly, it is more likely to be an opportunity to "turn over"!
In fact, around us, most people just call themselves poor, sometimes complain that the price is too high, and their wages can't keep up with the price increase, and sometimes feel sorry for themselves, wishing that they could not be born into a rich family, or some cynics even despise the behavior of investing and managing money, thinking it is a "vulgar thing" to chase after the copper stink, or equating it with those so-called "rich people", and then belittling it with values ...
Therefore, we all have to change the concept that since we know that daily life is inseparable from money, we should face up to its actual value. Of course, paying too much attention to money will also distort personal values and become a slave to money, so we have to be honest with ourselves. What do you think of money? Is the income disproportionate to life? Has money become your "inevitable pain in life"?
Wealth can bring stability, happiness and satisfaction to life, and it is also one of the ways for many people to pursue a sense of accomplishment. It is the golden mean that everyone should create wealth moderately and not be enslaved and tired by money. We should realize that "poverty is not shameful, and money is not evil", and don't ignore the function of financial management to improve and manage life. No one can tell, how much money is needed to meet the investment conditions and need financial management?
judging from our many years' experience in financial work and market research, financial management should start with "the first income and salary". Even if there is little left after deducting personal fixed expenses and "paying the treasury" from the first income or salary, don't underestimate the ability to collect meager money. There are 1 million yuan investment methods for 1 million yuan, and 1 yuan also has 1 yuan's financial management methods. The vast majority of working-class people start to accumulate funds from savings. Generally speaking, the "new poor" whose salary is only enough to make ends meet, regardless of their income, should first set aside 1% of their monthly salary and deposit it in the bank, and keep it "unused" and "unable to get in", so as to lay a primary foundation for accumulating wealth. If you have 5 yuan's funds in your monthly salary, open an account in the bank with lump sum deposit and withdrawal, and split the interest, regardless of the interest. After 2 years, the principal alone will reach 12,. If the interest is added, the number will be even larger. Therefore, the power of "dripping water into a river, gathering sand into a tower" cannot be ignored.
Of course, if the bank deposit interest rate is too low, and the "results" after retrenchment are slightly impressive, we also suggest to open up other good investment channels, such as household bonds, funds, or getting involved in the stock market, or partnering with others to share shares, etc. These are all ways of small investment. However, we should pay attention to the credit problems of the participants. At first, we should not be felt by high profits, and the risks should be properly evaluated. Never have the idea of "getting rich overnight", and strive for solid and gradual financial investment.
In short, don't ignore the power of small money, just like piecemeal time. If you know how to make full use of it, the effect will be amazing after a long time. The most critical starting point is to have a clear and correct understanding, establish a strong belief and confidence to win. Once again, we advise that financial management should be determined first-don't think that investment and financial management are the patents of the rich-and financial management should start with establishing self-confidence and strong beliefs.
Concept 2: Planning is the key to financial management. Don't let "wait until you have money" mistake your "Qian Cheng"
Around us, there are many people who have worked hard all their lives and worked hard to save money, but they don't know why. They don't know how to use funds effectively, and they don't dare to enjoy spending too much. Or some people try to "make a big deal with small things" without looking at their own abilities, and set high financial management goals.
To achieve a happy life dream, we should not only have a good life goal plan, but also know how to deal with the needs of different stages of life, and it is even more necessary to make proper financial planning and management. Therefore, since financial management is a lifelong matter, why not recognize the responsibilities and needs of all stages of life as soon as possible and make a career financial planning that suits you?
many financial experts believe that life-long financial planning should be carried out as early as possible, so as to avoid letting money flow freely when you are young, and sighing sadly when you are old after years.
1. Learning growth period: The stage goal of this period is to learn and finish school. At this time, we should enrich the knowledge about investment and financial management. If we have pocket money, we should make proper use of it. At this time, we should gradually establish a correct consumption concept, and don't "catch up with fashion" and be enslaved by vanity.
2. Entering the youth: The first salary when entering the society is the basis of pursuing economic independence, and you can start practical financial management operations. Therefore, you are young and have more career momentum, which is a good opportunity to reserve funds. Do not be rash and impatient from the aspects of increasing revenue and reducing expenditure and effective use of funds.
3. Married for 1 years is a period of life transformation and adjustment. At this time, the financial goals are different due to different conditions and needs. If the "newlyweds" with double salary and no children have more investment ability, they can try to engage in high-profit and low-risk portfolio investment, or buy a house or a car, or start their own business to get loans. Generally, families with children have to take care of their children's upbringing expenses, and it is appropriate to adopt a prudent and profitable investment strategy in financial management.
4. Middle-aged children: At this stage, the focus of financial management is on children's education reserve. With the increase of family members, the living expenses are also increasing. If you have the responsibility to support your parents, the burden of medical expenses and insurance premiums must also be measured. At this time, due to rich work experience and relatively increased income, financial investment should be combined, and loans can be flexibly adjusted and used in repayment methods.
5. Empty nest middle-aged and elderly people: At this stage, because most of the children have left their nests and started their own families, the education expenses and living expenses have been reduced. At this time, the financial management goal is to include retirement funds for medical and insurance projects. Due to the retirement stage, the funds have accumulated a certain amount, so the investment can gradually move closer to the conservative route with high security, and the investment with fixed income can still be considered to prepare for the second career after retirement.
6. Retirement in old age: This should be the most affluent period, but the burden of leisure and health care expenses is still heavy. If you enjoy retirement, if you have a "second spring of income", you should take a "defensive" approach to financial management, aiming at "capital preservation" and not engage in high-risk investments, so as not to affect your health and life. Retirement has an unavoidable "aftercare" feature, so the plan of property transfer should be drawn up as soon as possible, and it is necessary to evaluate whether to adopt gift or inheritance.
Not everyone can practice the financial goals in the above six life stages, but life financial planning must not be "paper work". After all, there is motivation only when there are goals. If you don't have a plan, you can only dominate your financial career by a sudden decision, which may have extreme results of "ups and downs". Wealth is gradually accumulated by "many a little makes a mickle" and "money rolling". A stable and proper career financial planning should be drawn up as soon as possible, which will help to gradually realize the goal of "gathering wealth" and lay a stable, secure and high-quality foundation for life.
concept 3: rejecting all kinds of temptations and bad financial habits may leave you empty-handed.
payday every month is the most anticipated day for office workers. You may need to buy household goods, or buy a suit you have long liked, or make an appointment with friends to go to a "favor" ... and all kinds of living expenses are waiting for the monthly salary.
From time to time, we see such people around us. Their regular and common income is not much. When they spend money, each of them has a "big shot" momentum. They wear brand-name clothes, have a lot of cash in their wallets, and have a thick stack of credit cards. If you swipe one card at a time, you will get more vanity satisfaction than happiness when you spend it.
At the beginning of the month, money is lavished like a holiday, and at the end of the month, people are struggling to tighten their clothes and go on a diet, while hoping for the payday next month. This is a portrayal of many office workers, especially young people who have just entered the social economy and just become independent, who are often the most unable to resist the temptation to consume goods. Many people also use money (spending power) to prove their ability, or some deficiencies in psychological compensation, which makes them have control over money.
In the face of this consumer society, it is certainly not so easy to refuse the temptation. If you want to have complete control over every hard-earned penny, you must first change your financial habits. "Consume first and then save" is a common mistake in financial management habits. Many people often feel left in and right out, making ends meet, just because your "consumption" is ahead and there is no concept of saving. Or think that "spend first, then talk about the rest", often underestimate their own consumption desire and sporadic daily expenses. For many ordinary people in China, it is the correct financial management method to form the habit of "saving first and then consuming", and implement self-discipline. When receiving salary every month, first deposit a sum of savings in the bank (such as lump sum deposit and fixed deposit) or buy some small treasury bonds and funds, "first strike first", and then save money. On the one hand, it can control the monthly budget to prevent overspending, on the other hand, it can gradually develop the habit of thrift. This way of "forced saving" is also the beginning of accumulating wealth management funds. If you want to have a secure life, you must fully control your own financial situation, not only "looking forward" but also "looking back", so that "saving" comes before "consumption"! Never spend first-enjoy life to the fullest-and wait for the "surplus" before saving.
Concept 4: No one is a natural expert. The ability comes from the accumulation of learning and practical experience.
It is often heard that people use the excuses of "no concept of numbers" and "natural inability to manage money" to avoid financial problems that are closely related to everyone's life. It seems that most people tend to classify "financial management" as a choice of personal interest, or an innate ability, or even have a joint relationship with their fields of study. Those who have studied in non-business fields think that they are isolated from "financial management problems" and "abandon themselves" and "follow the trend". Once they are forced to face major financial problems, they will either be trampled upon or sigh that they have no ability to handle money.
As a matter of fact, none of the abilities are innate. Patience and practical experience are the key points. The same is true of financial management ability. Perhaps those who have the concept of numbers or study business, economics and other subjects themselves can learn from others and have a "sense of financial management". However, money is a matter that goes hand in hand with life, especially with the increasingly developed modern economy, and everyone can't be exempted from personal financial responsibility. The traditional concept of China people is that "women are natural experts in financial management", which seems to be confirmed by the fact that the proportion of wives in charge of financial affairs is higher than that in high schools. However, from the perspective of the division of family roles, it is natural for the housekeeper to manage money, but it does not mean that women are good at financial management. Otherwise, why is the proportion of women among financial professionals low?
The modern economy has brought the "financial management era", and there are numerous and complicated financial management reference books. Many financial management courses have also stepped off the stage of professional fields and gone deep into the life and study of office workers, housewives and students. With the change of economic environment, the traditional single financial management method of thrift and saving has been unable to meet the needs of ordinary people, and the scope of financial management tools has expanded rapidly. In line with life planning, the function of financial management is not limited to ensuring a safe and carefree life, but pursuing higher material and spiritual satisfaction. At this time, you still think that financial management is "rich people play money games", which has nothing to do with yourself. That proves that you are behind the times and it is time to catch up!
Idea 5: Don't expect to get rich overnight. Don't put all your eggs in one basket.
Some conservative people put all their money in the bank to generate interest, thinking that this is the safest and risk-free. Some people also buy gold and jewels and store them in safes in case of accidents. These two kinds of people take absolute safety and security as the first standard, take an extremely conservative financial management route, or have no financial management concept at all; Or some people have a preference for a single investment tool, such as real estate or stocks, so they put all their money into it and are eager for success. If such people can make a profit, it will be enough, but from the perspective of the volatility of the market, the risk of relying on one investment tool is too great.
some investors take the speculative route, that is, they specialize in hot short-term investments. whatever is popular this year or this period, they will flock to it.