1, short position: short position means that the direction of your net position is opposite to the direction of market change, resulting in your loss exceeding your customer's rights and interests, and no additional funds have arrived, which means that your book funds are running low.
For example, if you have 65,438+10,000 yuan to buy 50 lots of soybeans at a price of 4,000 yuan/ton, and the margin ratio is 5%, then 65,438+10,000 yuan to buy 50 lots, and the margin for each lot is 2,000 yuan (for simplicity, the handling fee is not considered).
If the soybean price drops by 200 yuan to 3,800 yuan/ton, you will lose 2,000 yuan (per lot 10 ton) and 654,388+million yuan for 50 lots, which is exactly the loss of all funds. This is a short position.
But now the risk control measures of futures companies are very complete, and you won't wait until the funds are used up before forcibly closing positions (unless there are extreme situations, such as sudden daily limit), so the possibility of short positions is almost zero.
2. Backlog: No matter what kind of transaction, the exchange has restrictions on the positions of futures companies (or self-operated members) and each trader. For example, in the upcoming stock index futures contract, each individual trader can't hold more than 200 contracts a month. If it exceeds this amount, it will be oversold.
Overpositions will be forced to close by the exchange, but will be carried out after the market opens on the next trading day.
In addition, the super warehouse refers to the net warehouse. For example, if you hold more than 400 lots and 500 empty lots in the stock index contract in June 5438+February, then the net position is "100 empty lots", so there is no overbooking.
3. Borrowing positions: For example, a large individual investor wants to buy more than 500 lots of stock index futures contracts in June 5438+February (he strongly prefers to buy more than 500 lots), but due to the position limit, his own account can only hold more than 200 lots, so the futures company can buy more than 300 lots for him in someone else's standby account, which of course requires two other accounts or more.
This is a borrowing position, which is included in the account when the futures company settles this customer, but actually holds positions in three accounts of the exchange.
4. Subwarehouse: Subwarehouse is an extension of borrowing warehouse.
When a main fund wants to manipulate the disk, they have to do a lot of long or short, so the position limit of the account they control may not be enough. Therefore, it is necessary to find a large number of spare accounts to "borrow positions", which is usually carried out with the help of futures companies. It may be necessary to use dozens, dozens or even hundreds of personal accounts to divide the positions, so as to achieve the purpose of holding a large number of multiple orders or empty orders, thus resulting in a market situation of multiple empty positions or multiple empty positions, so as to obtain favorable prices.
Strictly speaking, warehouse sharing is an act of manipulating the market, which is prohibited by the regulatory authorities. Therefore, the sub-warehouse is very hidden, and the accounts occupied by the sub-warehouse are the accounts of the futures company or the main fund related households to avoid being seized by the regulatory authorities.