In metallurgy, nonferrous metals refer to metals without iron (ferrite), including alloys. Generally speaking, nonferrous metals are more expensive than ferrous metals. Nonferrous metals are used because of their ideal properties, such as light weight (such as aluminum), high conductivity (such as copper), [1] nonmagnetic or corrosion resistance (such as zinc).
Some non-ferrous materials are also used in the iron and steel industry. For example, bauxite is used as a flux for blast furnaces, while others such as wolframite, pyrolusite and chromite are used to make ferroalloys.
Important nonferrous metals include aluminum, copper, lead, nickel, tin, titanium and zinc, and alloys such as brass. Precious metals such as gold, silver and platinum, and rare metals such as cobalt, mercury, tungsten, beryllium, bismuth, cerium, cadmium, niobium, indium, gallium, germanium, lithium, selenium, tantalum, tellurium, vanadium and zirconium are also non-ferrous metals.
And mechanical use:
Nonferrous metals can be used in residence, commerce and industry. When selecting materials for mechanical or structural applications, some important factors need to be considered, including the difficulty of processing materials into finished parts and how to change the properties of materials intentionally or unintentionally during processing.
Depending on the end use, the metal can be simply cast into a final part, or cast into an intermediate form, such as an ingot, and then processed or forged by rolling, forging, extrusion or other deformation processes.
Although the same operation is also applicable to ferrous metals, nonferrous metals and alloys, the reaction of nonferrous metals is usually stronger for these forming processes. Therefore, the properties of the same metal or alloy may be very different after casting and forging.
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