? Under the door, Wang Anshi was wondering "Spring Breeze" again.
? Jiang Nanan ",they can be said to be stumped by the details. Engels said: "In my opinion, realism means not only the truth of details, but also the true representation of typical characters in typical environments. "(To Ma Harkness) Details are the most exciting and shocking" close-ups "in the author's thoughtful, elegant and refined language, which leave a deep impression on people and even make people laugh after reading them. Every excellent literary work is inseparable from the support of details, and successful details are the symbol of excellent works.
Our observation of things in life follows the law from perceptual to rational, from concrete to abstract. In creation, we should also "materialize" the rational and abstract thinking results into concrete and vivid typical images, that is, it conforms to the artistic thinking law of individual-general-individual. Attention should be paid to the individual image in artistic thinking, because it has been "spiritualized" and is different from the original image. This "individual" itself is infinitely rich. It is not only the representative of the external tangible world, but also the symbol of the internal spiritual world, that is, this "individual" also includes many concrete and vivid "individuals". This is the detail, this is the typical typical and typical individual. Therefore, our creative process is actually a process of accumulating and reflecting on details, which is the most basic and vivid information we send out in our creative work and the most profound discourse information that is first accepted by readers. It can be seen that understanding the theoretical mechanism of details, grasping the important role of details in creation and teaching students to write details well are the key links to guide students' writing.
Second, the characteristics of the details
To write details well, you must first learn to appreciate details. When appreciating details, we should firmly grasp three characteristics of details: 1. Meticulous and unique.
Du Shiniang was sold to Sun Fu by Li Jia for one thousand two hundred pieces of silver. On the day of "futures", she weighed it strictly and made this terrible deal with her own hands before sinking into the river with her treasure chest. Imagine her weighing her expression and movements and listening to her complaints about the heartbreaker and the trembling flower picker. How delicate and vivid the author writes! 2. Be concise.
In the twenty-third paragraph of Journey to the West, I remember Zhu Bajie's marriage and relatives. In the face of the leisurely enthusiasm of the "hostess", Bajie wavered and did not change his original intention. When he wandered into the backyard, he opened his mouth and shouted, "Mom!" " In a word, Bajie's intention is obvious, his language is concise, his rhythm is bright, his style is refined and fascinating. 3. Very meaningful.
When Tatyana in "Bad karma" was at the earl's ball, facing onegin, who had been madly in love and ignored her, and now she was depressed but still pretending to be arrogant, she said to him, "I once loved you,/I told you voluntarily. /Why should I hide it? But it's all over./Now I'm married to the count./I'll be loyal to him all my life. " Pushkin used his brilliant pen to describe the pure heart of Tatyana in her girlhood. This heart, suffering from depression, vicissitudes, depression and despair, though weak, has not forgotten its obligations and responsibilities in this world. After reading it, it was awe-inspiring and thrilling.
We should thoroughly understand things and never let go of any nuance, especially "we can find beauty in what others take for granted" (Rodin's artistic theory). Chapter 27 of A Dream of Red Mansions
When loading, Xue Baochai eavesdropped on the maid outside the wing and was found by her. She couldn't dodge, but she shouted, "Where have you been hiding?" The maids in the room are all anxious: it's okay that Sister Xue heard it, but Miss Lin, who has a glib tongue, heard it. How can she get it? In fact, Mr. Lin, as a person, never disdains having ears outside the wall. However, Xue Baochai's golden cicada has shed its shell and planted it, and it can't be washed off if it jumps into the Yellow River! Xue Baochai really took great pains and did a lot of harm. "It must be very small to look at people." Cao Xueqin's death is a trivial matter, but there are general articles that provide us with a window to see through Xue Baochai's twisted and dark soul. We can't help but feel afraid for Lin Daiyu. 2. Imagination is strange.
Hegel said: "When it comes to skills, the most outstanding artistic skill is imagination ... imagination is creative." (Aesthetics, Volume I)
Imagination is the wing of our thinking. When our students wrote "the ballpoint pen tickles happily on the paper" and "the snow melts into spring" on the paper, these details were inserted with the wings of imagination, which was so full of energy. 3. Grasp the features.
We should be good at grasping the characteristics of things and people, think differently, "seek common ground while reserving differences", focus on big problems and small works, and write "bright spots" that make people shine and cheer up. Milan Kundera, a Czech novelist, said in The Art of Fiction that women generally prefer to use "stupid" rather than "stupid" or "stupid" when they are not good at words or performance. He believes that this is a casual profundity of women's contemporary sexual existence, which is called "existential coding". In fact, it is what we call "characteristics." It is unique and interesting because of its characteristics. 4. Reveal the conflict.
The reason why details can profoundly prompt the theme and embody the characteristics is that they are extremely real and capture the most contradictory drama conflict in life. Many people praised Gorky's "Mother" for describing Nirva's spiritual fear when distributing leaflets, which is extremely true. Mulan galloped on the battlefield during the day and missed her grandparents at night, which did not damage her image. Shen, who fought against Jiang Ziya everywhere in the Romance of the Gods, was still canonized as a god after his death ... These are all like The Most Pregnant Moment (Lessing's laocoon) 5. The language is exquisite.
"Language is the direct reality of thinking." The so-called "eye painting method", "relief method" and "language is not surprising and endless" mean to be good at painting and describing details. Forster's novel "The Horizon" once quoted that "a nickel rolled on the ground" is not as good as "a nickel rolled on the ground". Jin Shengtan commented on Du Fu's "How majestic Mount Tai is!" In Du Fu's "Looking at Yue", he said: "Every word has not fallen, but it has made the reader's chest and eyes faintly rumble with the words" Yue "and" Wang ". This topic cannot be covered by these three words, nor can it be covered. And these three words are not topics, and there is no need! How's my husband? As the saying goes, "Where did the history of the seventeenth century begin?" Face to face, my mind is at a loss, I can't put pen to paper, just wonderful words. Both languages are helpful sentences. "
It can be seen that the details of inarticulate words will also become broken-winged birds and shipless sailors, and the vast sky and vast ocean will always be their dreams.