Monopolies/monopoly organization refers to the organization established by some large enterprises through agreement, holding and equity participation in order to obtain high profits. The forms of monopoly organizations include cartels, syndicates, trusts and monopolies. Capitalists set up monopoly organizations in order to obtain high monopoly profits.
According to the degree of monopoly, monopoly organizations are divided into many forms. Short-term price agreement is the simplest form of monopoly, and the enterprises participating in the agreement must abide by the agreed sales price within the prescribed time limit.
Historical reasons: After 1870, with the formation and development of the world market, the great progress of science and technology, the rapid development of industrial production, especially the rise of heavy industry, the scale of enterprises has become larger and larger. The scale of enterprises is getting bigger and bigger, and more and more capital and labor are needed, so the joint-stock companies that have already appeared have begun to develop widely. With the development and gradual improvement of joint-stock companies, small and medium-sized factories are merged, and capital and production are rapidly concentrated.
In addition, the fierce competition in the market has also accelerated the process of large enterprises merging small enterprises. The concentration of production led to the emergence of monopoly organizations. As early as 65438+60' s and early 70' s, individual monopoly organizations began to appear in developed market countries in Europe and America.
1873 the economic crisis made more small and medium-sized enterprises bankrupt, further promoted the merger of enterprises and promoted the concentration of production, so monopoly organizations developed more and faster. By the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, monopoly organizations have developed in all developed countries and become the basis of all economic life.