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How many courts are there? What kind of cases are tried by each court? Is there any basis?
Administrative business organization:

1, filing court

To examine the prosecution of civil disputes and administrative cases that should be accepted by our court and decide to file a case or decide not to accept it;

To examine the application for enforcement cases that should be accepted by our court, and decide whether to file a case or not to accept it;

Register the criminal public prosecution cases accepted by our court;

Review and file all kinds of appeal (protest) cases accepted by our hospital;

Examining the appeals that should be accepted by our court, applying for retrial, and deciding whether to file a case for retrial;

Register the cases that our court decides to retry, the superior court decides to retry and protest;

Responsible for filing other cases that should be accepted by the hospital according to law.

According to the application of the parties, the pre-litigation property and pre-litigation evidence shall be preserved and mediated according to law;

To hear and decide cases of jurisdictional objections raised at the submission stage;

To hear and make a ruling on appeal cases such as objection to jurisdiction, inadmissibility and dismissal of prosecution;

Accounting for the litigation costs paid in advance by the parties, and going through the examination and approval procedures for deferring, reducing or exempting the litigation costs;

Handling letters and visits (among them, visits to cases being tried in our court are handled by relevant courts);

Manage the trial process of all kinds of cases tried by our hospital, and follow up the supervision and trial limit (time limit for handling cases);

Responsible for the delivery of relevant legal documents. Supervise and guide the filing work of lower courts.

2. The First Criminal Trial Court

Try crimes of first and second instance such as crimes against national security, crimes against public security, crimes against citizens' personal rights and democratic rights, crimes against social management order, crimes against national defense interests, crimes against military personnel's duties, and review death penalty cases.

To hear relevant foreign-related internal audit cases.

To hear foreign-related transfer cases.

To hear relevant review cases that are sentenced to a penalty below the statutory penalty due to special circumstances; To hear the review cases of parole under special circumstances.

Handle related death penalty cases.

Review the death penalty filing materials.

Coordination and guidance in handling relevant major cases.

To guide the work of commutation and parole in national courts.

3、? The second court of criminal trial

We tried first-instance and second-instance cases such as crimes against the socialist market economic order, crimes against property, crimes of corruption and bribery, and crimes of dereliction of duty, and reviewed death penalty cases.

To hear relevant review cases that are sentenced to less than the statutory penalty due to special circumstances.

Handle related death penalty cases.

Coordination and guidance in handling relevant major cases.

The first court of civil trial

5. The second court of civil trial.

The second court of civil trial hears contracts between legal persons, between legal persons and other organizations, and between natural persons and legal persons and other organizations according to law.

To hear contracts between legal persons, between legal persons and other organizations, and between natural persons and legal persons and other organizations according to law? Disputes (except housing sales); Financial, securities, futures, bills, equity and other economic disputes; Bankruptcy cases of enterprises and companies approved and registered by the District Administration for Industry and Commerce; Construction project contracting and other cases.

6, the third court of civil trial

The first and second trials try intellectual property cases such as copyright (including computer software), trademark right, patent right, technology contract, unfair competition, right to scientific and technological achievements, and right to new plant varieties.

To hear intellectual property applications for retrial against the effective judgments of higher people's courts and intellectual property applications for retrial against the effective judgments of grass-roots people's courts and intermediate people's courts transferred by a few filing courts.

Handling of cases of intellectual property application for reconsideration.

Examining and approving the application of the Higher People's Court to extend the trial period of intellectual property cases.

7. Fourth Civil Trial Chamber

Trial of maritime cases of first and second instance.

To hear contracts between legal persons in the first and second instance, contracts between legal persons and other organizations, and infringement cases involving foreign affairs, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan; To try foreign-related cases involving Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, such as securities, futures, bills, companies and bankruptcy in the first and second instance; Trial of first-instance and second-instance letters of credit cases.

Examining cases applying for cancellation, recognition and enforcement of international arbitral awards and judgments of foreign courts.

Cases of examining the validity of foreign-related arbitration clauses.

To hear the retrial cases of maritime applications against the effective judgments of higher people's courts, the retrial cases of maritime applications against the effective judgments of intermediate people's courts and maritime courts transferred by a few filing courts, maritime administrative cases and maritime seizure cases.

Examining and approving the application of the Higher People's Court for extending the trial period of a case.

8. Administrative Tribunal

Administrative trial refers to the court's restriction of power by trying administrative cases caused by violation of law, dereliction of duty, ultra vires and non-compliance with the rights and interests of natural persons, legal persons or other organizations.

9, the trial supervision court

In accordance with the procedure of trial supervision, the case of the Supreme People's Procuratorate of the People's Republic of China protesting against the criminal and civil (except intellectual property rights and maritime affairs) effective judgments made by lower people's courts shall be tried.

According to the procedure of trial supervision, the case of the Supreme People's Procuratorate's protest against the effective judgments of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Supreme People's Court was tried.

The higher people's court shall, in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision, report to the Supreme People's Court for approval of the trial of criminal cases with reduced sentence; To approve cases in which the defendant intentionally committed a crime during the suspended execution of the death penalty and should be executed.

Extended data:

The court is a state organ generally established in all countries of the world. Punish criminals mainly through trial activities, solve social contradictions and disputes, and safeguard fairness and justice.

The people's court is the national judicial organ in People's Republic of China (PRC) (China), and People's Republic of China (PRC) (China) has special people's courts such as the Supreme People's Court, local people's courts at various levels and military courts. Except in special circumstances stipulated by law, the trial of a case shall be conducted in public. The defendant has the right to defend himself.

The people's courts independently exercise judicial power on behalf of the state in accordance with the law and are not subject to interference by administrative organs, social organizations or individuals.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-court