The uniqueness of derivative financial instruments is mainly reflected in: ① Leverage and high risk. To invest in derivative financial instruments, you only need to pay less margin or margin, so as to be small, wide and leveraged; Leverage also magnifies the income and risk of derivative financial instruments several times, so it has high risk. 2 contract. Derivative financial instruments are essentially economic contracts with financial instruments as the subject matter, which have not been fulfilled or are being fulfilled, and contracts can generally not be revoked. ③ High technology. Derivative financial instruments can be the combination of original financial instruments and derivative financial instruments, or the reorganization of derivative financial instruments, which embodies more technical content, thus greatly improving the difficulty of accounting and supervision. (4) Hedging and speculative arbitrage. The fundamental motivation of derivative financial instruments is to avoid the risk of financial price fluctuation, and because of its small and wide characteristics, it has also become a tool for speculative arbitrage. ⑤ The value is highly volatile. The value of derivative financial instruments is largely controlled by the price of original financial instruments and influenced by many factors, showing high value volatility.
It is precisely because of the uniqueness of derivative financial instruments that traditional financial accounting treatment methods can no longer truly reflect their risks and benefits, thus failing to exercise accounting and supervision functions, greatly reducing the decision-making usefulness of financial statements and shaking the core of traditional financial accounting theory. In order to ensure the exercise of accounting function, it is necessary to further expand the connotation and extension of traditional accounting theory, including accounting confirmation and accounting measurement.