The so-called swap transaction refers to buying or selling spot foreign exchange and selling or buying forward foreign exchange in the same currency to prevent exchange rate risks. Forward foreign exchange transaction: different from spot foreign exchange transaction, it refers to the foreign exchange transaction conducted by market participants on a specified date in the future (generally 3 business days after the transaction date) according to the provisions of forward contracts.

Options are options. After paying a certain amount of royalties to the seller, the buyer of options obtains this right, that is, the right to sell or buy a certain number of subject matter (physical objects, securities or futures contracts) at a certain price (exercise price) within a certain period of time. When the buyer of the option exercises his rights, the seller must fulfill the obligations stipulated by option contracts. On the contrary, the buyer can give up exercising the right, at which time the buyer only loses the patent fee and the seller earns the patent fee. In short, the buyer of the option has the right to exercise the option, but has no obligation to exercise it; The seller of the option only performs the obligation of the option.