① Market participants;
Refers to the units that participate in financial market transactions and form buyers and sellers of securities.
1. government departments: raise funds by issuing bonds.
2. Industrial and commercial enterprises: that is, fundraisers or fund providers.
3. Financial institutions: They are the most important participants in the financial market. There are mainly deposit financial institutions, non-deposit financial institutions and the central bank.
4. Individual: it is a fund supplier in the market.
2 financial instruments;
It is a written document that can prove the amount, term and price of financial transactions produced in credit activities.
Characteristics of financial instruments:
1. Repayment: refers to the time before the debtor must repay the principal.
2. Liquidity: refers to the ability of financial instruments to be quickly converted into money without losses.
3. Risk (safety): refers to the degree of risk or safety guarantee of the principal and expected income of financial instruments.
③ Organization of financial transactions.
Refers to the way of conducting financial transactions. For example, organized centralized transactions in fixed places.
Extended data:
A complete financial market should include four basic elements:
(1) Fund supplier and fund demander. Including the government, financial institutions, enterprises and institutions, residents, foreign businessmen and so on. , both to provide funds to the financial market, but also to raise funds from the financial market. This is a basic factor in the formation and development of financial markets.
(2) Credit instruments. This is the object of borrowing capital transactions in the financial market. Such as various bonds, stocks, bills, negotiable certificates of deposit, loan contracts, mortgage contracts, etc. , is the object that financial market investment and financing activities must rely on.
(3) Credit intermediary. Here refers to banks, investment companies, stock exchanges, brokers, brokers and other institutions, as the intermediary between the supply and demand of funds, they play the role of contact, media and trading on behalf of customers.
(4) price. The price of financial market refers to the value it represents, that is, the sum of specific monetary funds and the interest rate or yield they represent.
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