explain

How do brokers work?

How do brokers qualify as brokers?

Classification of brokers

The role of broker

Professional ethics of brokers

The Historical Development and Current Situation of China Brokers

Career prospect of economic man

What is a car broker?

Car broker

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1. What is a car broker? Are there any car dealers in China?

A: Car brokers originated in Europe and America. They refer to the professional brokers who are engaged in the sales intermediary in the automobile industry, with the purpose of facilitating the transaction between buyers and sellers and collecting commissions on the clinched projects in proportion, and are qualified to enter the market. The competent authority of automobile brokers is the commercial department (Ministry of Commerce, local industrial and commercial bureau). The professional qualification of automobile brokers can only be formally formed after the Ministry of Labor and Social Security (now Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security) joins the professional catalogue, defines the professional categories and formulates the professional standards of automobile brokers. According to the national labor law, occupations that need to be admitted with professional qualifications must hold relevant professional qualification certificates before they can be legally employed. Vocational qualification is the basis for individuals to engage in related occupations. However, at present, the Ministry of Labor and Personnel doesn't have relevant documents, and auto brokers can't even enter the national occupational directory (see official website: www.osta.org.cn of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security for details). Therefore, at this stage, the profession of automobile broker has not been included in the scope of occupational classification, and the so-called professional qualification certificate of automobile broker issued by the local authorities has no practical significance. Automobile brokers belong to the main body of business activities, and they must hold the qualification equivalent to the business license issued by the industrial and commercial department before they can engage in brokerage activities, otherwise their business activities are unlicensed and illegal. Therefore, if you want to be a real car broker in China, you can only practice it if the Ministry of Commerce and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce issue a document and the local industrial and commercial bureaus can implement it. At this stage, except for some local industrial and commercial bureaus that pilot the qualification of "used car broker", the qualification of "car broker" including new cars and used cars is still far away.

2. What is the significance of obtaining the international professional qualification of automobile brokers?

A: First, because there is no real automobile broker profession in China, and automobile brokers originated in Europe and America and are very mature abroad, the professionalism and authority of international automobile brokers' professional qualifications are obvious in the absence of relevant occupations and management policies in China; Two, the international professional qualification can be used as a powerful professional basis to declare the practice of automobile brokers to the industrial and commercial bureau. Once the industrial and commercial bureau releases the practice registration of automobile brokers, those who have obtained international professional certification will naturally get priority opportunities; Third, international professional qualifications are generally recognized in WTO countries, which can be used as the basis and proof for professional and skilled talents to work abroad and export labor services; Fourth, the professional height and market recognition of international vocational qualifications are higher than domestic certification. For job hunting or car sales, the employer or customer's recognition of the holder is higher than that of the certified one in China.

3. What are the characteristics of the automobile broker profession? How to tell if it belongs to a broker?

A: Generally speaking, car brokers are freelancers who work for themselves rather than others. Although his job is to facilitate the transaction between buyers and sellers, he should bear all kinds of expenses and related risks in the whole process of facilitating the transaction, instead of selling cars in 4S shops with basic salary. Car brokers have no basic salary, no fixed income, and the only income is commission. Professional salesmen who sell cars in car dealerships are called car sales consultants. He shuttles between car dealers and sells cars for different car dealers, but he doesn't receive wages from any car dealers. However, a professional salesperson who earns commissions from car dealers and customer service by promoting sales does not belong to any car dealer. As long as they have legal qualifications and qualifications, they belong to car brokers, not "scalpers".

4. How do car brokers practice?

A: Domestic brokers can be divided into freelance brokers and cooperative brokers according to their working methods. A freelance broker refers to a broker who has obtained business qualifications and can engage in brokerage activities with individuals as legal persons. Cooperative broker refers to the practice mode of obtaining practice qualification and registering as a brokerage company in the form of cooperation and partnership according to the requirements of relevant national commercial laws. The former is not available in China, and the latter has a lot of "used car brokerage companies" because of its pilot qualification (such as Shanghai). A separate "used car broker" is not allowed to practice, and related brokerage business must be carried out by relying on or affiliated with a brokerage company.

5. How do brokers qualify as brokers?

(1) must pass the broker qualification: that is, confirm whether you are qualified to be a broker. According to Article 6 of the Measures for the Administration of Brokers, persons applying for brokerage activities must meet the following conditions:

1. has full capacity for civil conduct;

2. Have the knowledge and skills required to engage in brokerage activities;

3. Have a fixed residence;

Fourth, master the relevant national laws, regulations and policies;

5. No criminal and economic violations for three consecutive years before applying for brokerage qualification. Persons who meet the above conditions may apply for brokerage activities only after being examined and approved by the administrative department for industry and commerce and obtaining the brokerage qualification certificate.

(2) You must pass the exam. According to the Measures for the Administration of Brokers issued by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and the specific provisions of relevant provinces and cities, the training, examination and certification of brokers shall be organized and implemented by the administrative authorities for industry and commerce at or above the county level, or may be entrusted to relevant units. The contents of training and assessment are the knowledge and skills required to engage in brokerage activities, as well as relevant laws, regulations and professional ethics. After passing the training examination, a certificate will be issued. Apply to the issuing administrative department for industry and commerce with the certificate of passing the examination, and issue the "Broker Qualification Certificate" after approval. To apply for the qualification certificate of professional brokers in special industries as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations on science and technology, real estate, etc., the provincial or municipal administrative department for industry and commerce shall conduct training, examination, assessment and issuance jointly with relevant administrative departments.

(3) A person who has obtained a broker qualification certificate may apply for the establishment of a brokerage enterprise or a partnership brokerage organization according to law and apply for registration as an independent broker.

Brokers can be divided into general brokers and special industry brokers. Special trade brokers refer to professional brokers engaged in finance, insurance, securities, futures, science and technology, real estate and other industries. You must go through professional training, pass the examination and obtain the qualification certificate of professional broker before you can take up your post.

General broker: The so-called general broker refers to the middleman who engages in commodity trading that is allowed to be publicly traded by the state and does not belong to special industries. The main economic activities of general brokers are to find sellers for the buyers of commodities, find buyers for sellers, bridge the gap between buyers and sellers, and promote the transactions between buyers and sellers. In the developed areas of foreign brokerage industry, general brokers are also called commercial brokers, which means to provide intermediary services for users in commodity transactions, including real estate transactions, means of production, means of subsistence and other transactions, transfer, lease or sale of idle equipment, transportation and so on. An excellent commercial broker (general broker) or an excellent commercial brokerage company should not only have very good social relations, but also have a very good reputation and public image. They act in strict accordance with the principles and actively seek buyers for customers (users). At the same time, they are also experts in a certain industry, with rich professional knowledge and understanding of the industry. Therefore, for a user, finding and finding a good brokerage company or broker is undoubtedly finding and finding a "golden mountain".

6. What are the methods of brokerage activities and brokerage income?

At present, China's brokerage activities generally include three ways: intermediary, brokerage and agency.

1. Intermediary refers to the commercial behavior that brokers provide information and conditions for both parties to the transaction, and the media matches the successful transaction between the two parties. This is a main form widely used in brokerage behavior. It is characterized by a wide range of clients, but the service level is shallow, and there is a lack of long-term fixed cooperative relationship between brokers and customers.

2. Bank bills refer to the business activities of brokers entrusted by customers to trade with third parties in their own names and bear the prescribed legal responsibilities. Bookkeeping is similar to self-management in form, but the broker does not obtain the ownership of the traded goods. He conducts activities for the benefit of clients, and as a broker, he only gets commissions from clients. The service content of diary activities is deeper, and the power and responsibility of brokers are heavier. Under normal circumstances, there is a long-term and fixed cooperative relationship between brokers and customers.

3. Agency refers to the commercial behavior that the broker deals with a third party in the name of the principal within the authorization authority, and the principal directly bears the corresponding legal responsibilities. Agency in brokerage activities belongs to commercial agency activities in a narrow sense. It is characterized by the long-term and stable cooperative relationship between brokers and customers. The broker can only carry out activities in the name of the principal, and the rights and responsibilities arising from the activities belong to the principal, and the broker only collects commissions from the principal.

Brokerage income

Commission is the only source of brokerage income, and its nature is the combination of labor income, operating income and risk income. It is the total return of labor, funds and risks paid by brokers when they carry out brokerage activities. The state protects the rights of brokers to engage in legitimate brokerage activities and obtain commissions.

1. commission type

Commissions can be divided into statutory commissions and free commissions. Statutory commission refers to the commission obtained by brokers for specific brokerage business according to the commission standard stipulated by the state. The statutory commission is mandatory and must be accepted by all parties concerned, and shall not be higher or lower than the statutory commission. Free commission refers to the commission determined by the broker through consultation with the customer. Once the commission-free is determined and written into the contract, it has the same legal effect, and the defaulter must bear the liability for breach of contract.

2. Payment of commission

Unless otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations, the commission payment time shall be agreed by the broker and the client, which may be paid after the broker succeeds or in advance. When signing a brokerage contract, the broker should clearly state the amount of commission, payment method, payment period and the burden of agency fee when the intermediary is unsuccessful. Brokers shall issue invoices when collecting commissions and pay taxes and administrative fees according to law. In order to prevent the commission from being "dumped", brokers may charge some commissions or fees in advance when signing the contract, or sign an "exclusive brokerage contract" with customers.

The broker's name is Jing. According to China's "porcelain sea", he is an intermediary businessman who introduces buyers and sellers to get commissions. 1995 10 The Measures for the Administration of Brokers promulgated by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce points out: "Brokers as mentioned in these Measures refer to citizens, legal persons and other economic organizations that engage in brokerage business such as brokerage, brokerage and agency in economic activities for the purpose of collecting commissions. Generally speaking, brokers refer to legally established brokerage organizations and individuals who act as contract intermediaries in order to facilitate other people's commodity transactions, provide information, opportunities and conditions for clients to conclude contracts, or sign contracts with contract parties on behalf of clients in anonymous transactions.

[Edit this paragraph] Explanation

Interpretation of the English-Chinese Dictionary of Securities Investment by the Commercial Press;

1. Brokers represent brokers or IB. Also called: agent; Agent broker. Securities institutions or individuals that only buy and sell securities for customers, do not engage in proprietary business and do not set up proprietary accounts. Its business is completely different from that of securities dealers and market makers, who buy shares for their own accounts while trading on behalf of customers. See: agency; ; Broker: another broker is an agent.

2. Broker. Name. An intermediary between two parties to a transaction of securities, commodities or other varieties. In the field of investment, brokers can be legal persons of securities institutions or individuals registered to cooperate with securities companies. Brokers do not own the variety of transactions, but only trade as agents of buyers and sellers and receive commissions according to their services. People who trade on the exchange are floor brokers. See: institutions; ; Agent broker

[Edit this paragraph] How do brokers work?

The most basic job of brokers is to facilitate transactions through intermediary business. So how do they work?

First of all: evaluate the customer's business effectively and correctly. Usually, when customers sell their business, the pricing of the business will be emotional to a certain extent, which can't really reflect the actual value and price of the business. Brokers are experts in a certain industry, and they can evaluate an enterprise rationally.

Second, sign a brokerage contract with customers to establish the rights and obligations of both parties.

Third: according to the specific requirements and contracts of the entrusting party, find buyers for the entrusting party.

Fourth: promote the success of the transaction between the two parties.

Fifth: get a commission.

In the international brokerage industry, the success of a business generally requires ten steps, which require the cooperation of customers and brokers.

Ten steps to successful management:

1. There is a good reason to sell your company. For example, a bad day or employees' slackness is not a good reason. At the same time, don't say a price easily and decide to sell your business. Focus on your real purpose, first of all, don't let buyers know why you sell your business, find more legitimate reasons and reasonable reasons, and treat your buyers seriously is the best policy.

Don't wait until you have to sell your business, and don't wait until you are very busy. The best time to sell is when you are busy, so that buyers can see your vitality.

3. Keep the secret of your sales process to the people who go out. The broker will eliminate emotional things, make reliable business decisions, and get higher prices for your business. Your broker will also resolutely keep the secret to protect you and your business.

[Edit this paragraph] How do brokers qualify as brokers?

First of all, you must pass the broker qualification examination:

That is to confirm whether you are qualified to be a broker. According to Article 6 of the Measures for the Administration of Brokers, persons applying for brokerage activities must meet the following conditions:

1, with full capacity for civil conduct;

2. Have the knowledge and skills required to engage in brokerage activities;

3. Have a fixed residence;

4, master the relevant national laws, regulations and policies;

5. No criminal and economic violations for three consecutive years before applying for brokerage qualification.

Persons who meet the above conditions may apply for brokerage activities only after being examined and approved by the administrative department for industry and commerce and obtaining the brokerage qualification certificate.

Second, you must pass the exam.

According to the Measures for the Administration of Brokers issued by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and the specific provisions of relevant provinces and cities, the training, examination and certification of brokers shall be organized and implemented by the administrative authorities for industry and commerce at or above the county level, or may be entrusted to relevant units. The contents of training and assessment are the knowledge and skills required to engage in brokerage activities, as well as relevant laws, regulations and professional ethics. After passing the training examination, a certificate will be issued. Apply to the issuing administrative department for industry and commerce with the certificate of passing the examination, and issue the "Broker Qualification Certificate" after approval. To apply for the qualification certificate of professional brokers in special industries as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations on science and technology, real estate, etc., the provincial or municipal administrative department for industry and commerce shall conduct training, examination, assessment and issuance jointly with relevant administrative departments.

3. Persons who have obtained the qualification certificate of brokers may apply for the establishment of brokerage enterprises or partnership brokerage organizations and apply for registration as independent brokers according to law.

[Edit this paragraph] Classification of brokers

Brokers can be divided into general brokers and special industry brokers. Special trade brokers refer to professional brokers engaged in finance, insurance, securities, futures, science and technology, real estate and other industries. You must go through professional training, pass the examination and obtain the qualification certificate of professional broker before you can take up your post.

General broker: The so-called general broker refers to the middleman who engages in commodity trading that is allowed to be publicly traded by the state and does not belong to special industries. The main economic activities of general brokers are to find sellers for the buyers of commodities, find buyers for sellers, bridge the gap between buyers and sellers, and promote the transactions between buyers and sellers. In the developed areas of foreign brokerage industry, general brokers are also called commercial brokers, which means to provide intermediary services for users in commodity transactions, including real estate transactions, means of production, means of subsistence and other transactions, transfer, lease or sale of idle equipment, transportation and so on. An excellent commercial broker (general broker) or an excellent commercial brokerage company should not only have very good social relations, but also have a very good reputation and public image. They act in strict accordance with the principles and actively seek buyers for customers (users). At the same time, they are also experts in a certain industry, with rich professional knowledge and understanding of the industry. Therefore, for a user, finding and finding a good brokerage company or broker is undoubtedly finding and finding a "golden mountain".

Futures brokers: Due to the characteristics of futures trading, futures brokers are generally divided into brokerage companies and brokers.

Technical broker: Technical broker refers to citizens, legal persons and other economic organizations engaged in brokerage business such as intermediary, brokerage and agency for the purpose of collecting commissions and promoting others' technical transactions.

Labor brokers: institutions, companies, individuals, etc. Engaged in labor intermediary for the purpose of obtaining commission.

Real estate agent: A real estate agent is an intermediary who makes real estate investments or transactions on behalf of clients to obtain commission income. Real estate agents are generally divided into two categories: enterprise real estate agents and individual real estate agents. Expert real estate agents and general real estate agents.

Stylistic brokerage: Stylistic brokerage refers to cultural and artistic brokerage and sports brokerage. Cultural and artistic brokers are for people in the cultural and artistic circles. Sports agents serve people in the sports world.

[Edit this paragraph] The role of brokers

Broker is the product of market economy. It plays an obvious positive role in developing economy, promoting circulation and prospering market. Different from other businesses, the diversity of brokers' lifestyles and information sources makes brokers have unique functions in solving the contradiction between supply and demand of commodities. Specifically:

(1) With many social relationships, intelligent market information and high efficiency, it helps enterprises solve the contradiction between supply and demand and develop market sales.

(2) The market system includes means of production market, means of subsistence market, science and technology market, talent market, labor market, capital market and real estate market. These require a large number of brokers to provide information, introduce customers and reach a deal.

(3) Help enterprises introduce foreign advanced technology, capital and management experience to expand export trade.

(4) Promote the prosperity of cultural and sports undertakings, cultivate cultural markets and enrich people's lives.

[Edit this paragraph] Professional Ethics of Brokers

"four musts"

Brokers must be honest and trustworthy and have good moral quality;

Brokers must faithfully protect the interests of customers;

Brokers must abide by rules and disciplines, and their business activities must conform to the provisions and requirements of laws, regulations and industry management;

Brokers must be professional, capable and have a strong sense of professionalism and responsibility.

"eight can't"

Brokers shall not engage in or participate in brokerage activities involving state-controlled commodities and state secrets;

Brokers cannot engage in brokerage activities of smuggling, contraband, fake and shoddy goods;

Brokers cannot engage in brokerage activities prohibited by the international community;

Brokers cannot go beyond the scope and authority entrusted by customers and carry out related brokerage activities beyond their authority;

Brokers may not set up and collect off-balance-sheet commissions or ask for extra remuneration without permission; 6. Brokers shall not undertake or accept brokerage activities beyond their capabilities;

Brokers cannot go beyond the identity of intermediary services and conduct physical transactions or private transactions;

Brokers cannot violate the relevant national tax laws and engage in tax fraud or tax evasion.

[Edit this paragraph] The historical development and present situation of China's securities firms

China is an ancient country with a long history. Brokerage activities appeared more than two thousand years ago. In the Western Han Dynasty, brokers were called "foals"; In the Tang Dynasty, the broker was called Tooth Man and Tooth Lang; During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, foreign trade brokers appeared. In the Song Dynasty, they were called "teeth"; In the yuan dynasty, they were called "teeth"; In Ming and Qing dynasties, brokers were called "tooth people"; In the Ming Dynasty, it was also divided into official teeth and private teeth, and there were also tooth shops, which referred to shops where businessmen arranged business. In the Qing Dynasty, brokers were called "foreign firms" in foreign trade. A special foreign trade broker "comprador" appeared in the late Qing Dynasty. During the Republic of China, with the emergence of stock and bond trading, bond brokers appeared for the first time in the history of China. In the early days of liberation, China adopted the policy of restricting and banning brokers, and at the same time stipulated that brokers should set up trust brokerage institutions owned by the whole people and collectives in designated places to operate intermediary business between buyers and sellers. 1958, banning brokers. However, in rural fair trade, individual citizens are allowed to carry out intermediary activities to promote the trading of agricultural and sideline products. After 1980, brokerage activities began to resume, but brokerage activities were only in an undisclosed "underground" intermediary activity. After 1985, the broker went underground and engaged in brokerage activities in an open and legal capacity. Since 1992, brokers have been in the stage of gradual development, and the state has adopted the policy of "supporting, managing and guiding" to brokers, so that brokerage activities gradually become formal.

[Edit this paragraph] Career prospects of economic agents

The status of brokers is gradually valued by people. Don king, a boxing professional agent who came to China not long ago, is said that even fierce champions are afraid of him, which shows the "power" of professional agents.

Experts pointed out that with the development of market economy in China, professional brokers have broad development prospects, and various professional brokers will emerge continuously.

With the socialization and industrialization of China's sports industry, it is imperative to standardize the commercial operation of sports. In the past two years, some sports agents have appeared in Beijing, Hunan and other places. As a sports broker, we should not only learn the professional knowledge and operational skills of brokers, but also study and study the development and direction of the sports market. It is expected that the sports broker profession will be another new hot profession in the next few years.

Cultural agents are no strangers to the agents of entertainment stars. With the increasingly active cultural market, this field needs more brokers, such as art dealers and booksellers.

Cultural broker is a traditional major in foreign universities, but it has just started in China. To be an excellent cultural broker, one must have good artistic appreciation ability, overall arrangement ability of various complex activities, be familiar with relevant laws and regulations, be good at negotiation and be persuasive. This year, the Department of Art Education of China Theatre Academy will open a specialized class of international cultural exchange for literature majors (professional code 0504 14), which will recruit the first batch of undergraduates nationwide, with the aim of "laying a foundation for cultivating the team of cultural brokers with China characteristics".

After China's entry into WTO, the domestic insurance market will be gradually opened. For many foreign insurance institutions, China's population of more than one billion is its "long-awaited" big market. It is predicted that after China's entry into WTO, the domestic demand for insurance professionals will be at least 10 times of the current demand, among which the greatest demand is insurance brokers.

Insurance brokers are independent intermediaries. According to China's regulations, people engaged in insurance brokerage business must take the insurance broker qualification examination, and anyone with college education or above can sign up for it; Those who pass the examination shall be awarded the qualification certificate of insurance broker by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission. Individuals who have obtained the Qualification Certificate must accept the employment of an insurance brokerage company, and the insurance brokerage company may apply to the China Insurance Regulatory Commission on its behalf before engaging in insurance brokerage business.

Technical brokers, who specialize in matching technology transactions and closely linking technology holders and capital holders, should have a deep understanding of the market, a high understanding of the docking process of results and funds, a strong planning ability, packaging, marketing and real-time tracking of projects, and of course be familiar with extensive legal knowledge.

At present, there are too few scientific and technological intermediary services that really engage in scientific and technological evaluation, legal consultation, auditing, arbitration and venture capital, and there is also a lack of compound talents who know both technology and law and are good at management. It is understood that less than 10% of all employees have obtained the qualification certificate of "technical broker" issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology. But the market is in great need of technical brokers.

Real estate agent for buyers, finding a professional real estate agent can play a multiplier role. After understanding the customer's intentions, they can design the best purchase plan and sale plan according to different needs, and choose the best housing and customer combination.

Real estate agents include brokers and assistant brokers. According to the relevant regulations, only when 50% of the total number of real estate brokers have obtained the qualification certificates of real estate brokers and assistant real estate brokers can they issue qualification certificates and engage in real estate brokerage activities.

It is difficult for a job seeker to fully grasp the information of the talent market, and it is impossible to fully understand the market situation of enterprises and positions and the salary and treatment of positions, so it is difficult to judge whether this job is suitable for him. And talent brokers can provide professional all-round services for job seekers until they succeed in job hunting. In China, where the economy is developing rapidly, the career prospects of talent brokers are quite promising.

The business model of "independent broker" originated in America. After more than 60 years of development and improvement, it is now popular in Europe and America. Beijing, Shanghai and other places took the lead in introducing the concept of independent brokers as early as a few years ago, and won favorable comments from the market. Now it has been rapidly pushed across the country, which has become the development trend of the intermediary industry. We have reason to believe that the future market will be a situation of coexistence, cooperation and common development of various intermediary models. An independent broker, in short, is a broker who joins a partner as an intermediary and develops his own market. Independent brokers and companies are cooperative and have free space. Do not need to work, free to carry out business. Independently develop resource network and customer base, and establish its own information base. Act as buyers and sellers and cooperate with each other. Combine the brands of affiliated institutions to create personal brands. Independent brokers have a high commission ratio and share more than 65% of the total commission as income. It is a mode of running your own business and being your own boss. It is understood that in the United States, 85% of housing transactions are completed through independent brokers. Independent brokers are an ideal profession in other parts of the world, and they are also respected by many traders. At the same time, the profession of independent broker is enviable and the income is quite rich.

In essence, independent real estate agents do not work for intermediary companies compared with store salesmen. Independent real estate agents can freely control their working hours, and of course they can get higher commissions from business transaction income. The nature of work is similar to that of a private lawyer. You can set up your own brokerage company or cooperate with an intermediary company.

At present, it is difficult for a broker to really master all the business development processes on his own. The existing independent real estate agents will generally adopt a cooperative approach: while actively exploring the sources of information, they will match the information they have with others (independent real estate agents such as intermediary companies) and distribute the commission after the transaction is completed.

The independent real estate broker system has been quite mature and industrialized abroad. At present, in China, the inevitable development trend of this model is gradually realized in the context of market adjustment.

At the same time, as the first brand of online real estate transaction in China, Snowball China is also committed to creating an exclusive space for independent brokers.

Following Shanghai and Shenzhen, Tianjin also has institutions with independent broker model, such as Tianjin Free Nest Real Estate. In short, the real estate independent broker model is a challenge to the traditional business model. He completely turned a real estate consultant group team or a branch company into a stronger team. Each team is a cooperative relationship, and so is each broker and company. What the company provides for each broker or team is the operating platform, information platform and office space for sales, signing bills, catching customers, after-sales service and providing guarantee. It has cultivated every broker's various abilities, such as communication, management, speech, training, psychology and so on. Real estate independence is called "independent broker" by brokers.

It is a big joke that the cultural agent simply refers to the activists who package, contact, spread and organize the performing arts, because the category of "culture" is very wide, including the planners who package, contact, spread, organize literature, performing arts, folk art, drama, folk culture and folk art, and start a series of new people's operations.