Henan, called Zhongyuan, Yuzhou and Zhongzhou in ancient times, is called "Henan" for short. Because most of it is located in the south of the Yellow River, it is named Henan. Henan is located in the middle and east of China, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, bordering Anhui and Shandong in the east, Hebei and Shanxi in the north, Shaanxi in the west and Hubei in the south, showing the trend of looking north and south, and opening west in the east. By the end of 20 14, there were * * municipalities directly under the central government 17, county-level cities 1, with Zhengzhou as the capital. The total population of Henan Province is 6.5438+0.0662 million, and the resident population is 94.36 million.

Henan is one of the main cradles of Chinese nation and Chinese civilization, and China's four great inventions of compass, papermaking and gunpowder were all invented in Henan. In history, more than 20 dynasties established or moved their capital to Henan, which gave birth to Luoyang, Kaifeng, Anyang, Zhengzhou, Shangqiu and other ancient capitals. It is the largest and densest province in China. There are many famous historical figures in Henan, such as Laozi, Zhuangzi, Mozi, Han Feizi, Shang Yang, Sean, Zhang Heng, Du Fu, Wu Daozi and Yue Fei.

Henan is an important economic province in China, with the GDP in 20 16 being the fifth in China and the first in the central and western regions. Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange is the first inland futures exchange in China. Zhengzhou Airport Port Area is the only national airport economic experimental zone in China. China (Henan) Pilot Free Trade Zone is a newly established pilot free trade zone in China. 20 16 12, the state approved Zhengzhou to be selected as a national central city. The Central Plains urban agglomeration with Henan as the main body is the fourth growth pole of China's economy.

There are many cultural relics and historic sites in Henan province, and there are rich tourism resources. As of 20 17, Henan has 25 world cultural heritages, 358 national key cultural relics protection units and 13 national AAAAA tourist attractions.

Second, administrative divisions.

Henan province has jurisdiction over 17 prefecture-level cities, 1 provincial administrative units, 52 municipal districts, 20 county-level cities and 85 counties.

1, Zhengzhou 037 1 Henan A Zhongyuan District, Erqi District, Jinshui District, Huiji District, Guancheng District, Shang Jie District, gongyi city, xinzheng city, Dengfeng City, Xingyang City, xinmi city City and zhongmou county City.

2. Kaifeng 037 1 Yu B Longting District, Gulou District, Yuwangtai District, Shunhe District, Xiangfu District, lankao county, Tongxu County, Qixian County and Weishi County.

3. Luoyang 0379 jianxi district, Xigong District, Old City, Chanhe District, Luolong District, Geely District, yanshi city, Yiyang County, Mengjin County, Xin 'an County, Luoning County, Luanchuan County, Yichuan County, Ruyang County and Songxian County.

4. Pingdingshan 0375 Yu D Xinhua District, Weidong District, Shilong District, Zhanhe District, Ruzhou City, wugang city, Lushan County, Baofeng County, Yexian County and Jiaxian City.

5.0372 Wenfeng District, Beiguan District, Yindu District, Longan District, Linzhou City, Anyang County, hua county City, tangyin county City, Neihuang County, Anyang City.

6. 0392, Heshan District, Shancheng District, qibin district, Xun County and Qi County, Hebi City.

7. Xinxiang 0373 Yu G Hongqi District, Weibin District, muye district, Fengquan District, Weihui City, huixian city, Xinxiang County, Changyuan County, Huojia County, Yuanyang County, Yanjin County and fengqiu county City.

8. 039 1 in Shanyang District, zhongzhan district, Jiefang District, macun district, Qinyang City, mengzhou city, Xiuwu County, Xianxian County, Wuzhi County and Wenxian County of Jiaozuo City.

9. Yuyang 0393 Yu J Hualong District, Puyang County, qingfeng county, Nanle County, Taiqian County and Fanxian County.

10, Xuchang 0374 Yudu District, Jian 'an District, Yuzhou City, changge city City, Yanling County and Xiangcheng County.

1 1 Luohe 0395 Henan l Linying, Wuyang County, Zhaoling District, Yuanhui District, Yancheng District

12, Sanmenxia 0398 Yu m Hubin District, Shanzhou District, lingbao city, yima city, Mianchi County, Lushi County.

13, Suiyang District, liangyuan district, Minquan County, Ningling County, Zhecheng County, Yucheng County, Xiayi County and Suixian County of Shangqiu City.

14, Zhoukou 0394 Yu P Chuanhui District, Xiangcheng, Luyi County, Fugou County, Xihua County, Shangshui County, shenqiu county, Huaiyang County, dancheng County and Taikang County.

15, Henan q Yicheng District, Xincai County, Xiping County, suiping county, Pingyu County, Shangcai County, Zhengyang County, Biyang County, Queshan County and runan county City.

16, Nanyang 0377 Yu R Wancheng District, Wolong District, dengzhou city, nanzhao county, Xixia County, Fangcheng County, zhenping county, neixiang county, Xichuan County, Sheqi County, tanghe county, Xinye County and Tongbai County.

17, Xinyang 0376S Shihe District, Pingqiao District, Gushi County, luoshan county, Guangshan County, Huangchuan County, Huaibin County, Shangcheng County and Xinxian County.

18, Jiyuan 039 1 Yu u

Third, geographical environment.

Henan is located in the middle and east of China, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, between 3123'-36 22' north latitude, and10 21'16 39' east longitude, with Anhui and Shandong in the east. Henan is located in the middle of China, connecting the east and the west. In ancient times, heaven and earth were regarded as the land of China and the pivot of the world.

Fold topography

Songshan Mountain in Henan Province is high in the west and low in the east, and the northern, western and southern parts of Taihang Mountain, Funiu Mountain, Tongbai Mountain and Dabie Mountain are distributed in a semicircle along the provincial boundary. The central and eastern parts are the Huanghuaihai Plain; Nanyang basin is in the southwest.

The plains and basins, mountains and hills in Henan Province account for 55.7%, 26.6% and 17.7% of the total area respectively. Laoya tea in lingbao city is the highest peak in the province, with an altitude of 2413.8m; The lowest is the exit of Huaihe River in Gushi County, only 23.2 meters.

Fourth, history and culture.

Henan is the root of Central Plains culture and the birthplace of Taoism, Mohism, Legalism, famous artists and strategists. Henan is an important birthplace of China's surname. Among the 300 most popular surnames in China, 1, 7 1 have their roots in Henan, and 78 of the former 1 have their roots in Henan. The four major surnames at home and abroad, known as "Chen Lin's half-day trip and Huang Zheng's full walk", all originated in Henan. The birthplace of Taoism, Mohism and Legalism, a famous scholar and strategist. As of May 20 13, there are 358 national key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province, ranking among the top in the country.