bear market
The bear market in the stock market, also known as the short market, refers to the securities market with a long-term downward trend, which is characterized by a sharp decline and a slight increase. The overall trend of the bear market is downward. Although there was a rebound, it went down again and again. Most people are losing money, and opportunities are accidental, fleeting and difficult to capture and operate.
There is no short-selling mechanism in China stock market, so investors should try to avoid re-entering the market in a bear market and wait and see with money. Markets with short-selling mechanisms, such as margin financing and securities lending, stock index futures and commodity futures, can all make profits by shorting.
brisk market
Bull market, also known as bull market, refers to the securities market with a long-term upward trend in price. The general trend of price changes is rising, which is characterized by ups and downs. Investors in this stage of "bull market" are often full of enthusiasm, optimism and confidence in the development of the market.
A market trend opposite to "bull market" is often "bear market", that is, a large number of financial assets continue to fall or show signs of decline. At this stage, people are often depressed and full of pessimism and fear.
There is a saying that the market is defined according to the attack mode of "bull" and "bear". Cows usually raise their horns when attacking, while bears usually put down their claws when attacking. This direction is only relative to the market trend they represent. If the trend is upward, it is called "bull market"; if it is downward, it is called "bear market". Just like China's ancient boxing defined "Monkey Boxing" and "Mantis Boxing" through actions.
The origins of the original "bull market" and "bear market" are nowhere to be found, but the first time we saw the words "bear" and "cow" was in 1785, a British book called Guide to Small Street Exchanges. However, "ox" and "bear" at that time were different from "ox" and "bear" in the present sense.
The fundamental reason lies in the different trading systems and means. At present, buying stocks of the same value requires money of the same value, and selling at a premium or discount to close the position. Of course, these transactions can be automatically matched through the network.
At that time, people could buy a lot of stocks without money, because the tulip exchange in the Netherlands had already introduced the margin system, and the financing multiple was extremely high, even four or five thousand times. The London Stock Exchange, also located in continental Europe, can even trade without margin. Then a large number of people who buy up gather at the same time, which makes trading difficult.
At this time, in order to make a profit before settlement, investors will run around looking for their next home. The pressure can be imagined. Their hearts are full of hope and fear, their expressions are uncertain, their spirits are depressed, their faces are unhappy, and their temper is grumpy, which is similar to the behavior of cattle, so this kind of hand is called "cow".