Mark rich, a Jew, finished college in the United States. At first, he was no different from ordinary people in talent. At most, my memory is better. After entering the workplace, mark rich rose to the highest level, but the biggest turning point in his life was to switch to oil trade.
Mark rich is wary of the wave of nationalization in oil-producing countries. Nationalization of oil means monopoly. Then, if you win the monopoly channel of sales, won't you make a fortune? Mark rich entered the company on behalf of Philip Brothers by signing long-term supply and marketing contracts with several oil-producing countries. Later, mark rich went it alone and founded mark rich AG, the predecessor of Glencore.
Commodity trade relies heavily on intelligence, and mark rich travels around the world to collect intelligence.
1973, the first oil crisis broke out. Mark rich seized the opportunity to make the company's net profit reach $200 million within three years. Later, the wizard of macri ignored the US sanctions. At that time, the United States sanctioned Iran and was not allowed to do business with Iran. Wizards in macri don't care. They are very happy to do business with Iran. The American government kept issuing subpoenas and fines to this disobedient businessman. Until the fine reached $6.5438+0.9 million, he did not attend a hearing of the US government. The most amazing thing is that during the cold war, as a member of the western camp, he sold oil to the Soviet Union. Soviet newspapers even openly supported Markrich. The American government wanted him on 17.
How much money do companies in mark rich make?
By 1979, his company is one of the most profitable companies in America. It was comparable to General Electric and Ford at that time.
1993, mark rich's company was renamed "Glencore", and mark rich disappeared out of thin air.
Where did he go? I don't know why this guy disappeared and was pardoned until Clinton granted mark rich Amnesty on the last day of his term. Anyway, the transaction behind this is something we don't know.
The legend of mark rich, Glencore is even more legendary.
By 2000, Glencore's revenue exceeded 1000 billion US dollars.
Commodity trade, that is not a business that ordinary people can do. It needs an international perspective, an understanding of the global economy and a sensitive awareness of international politics. Just look at the current chaos in Europe, which has caused the global energy price to skyrocket. It's impossible without a big vision. Nowadays, international capital is busy "hunting the bottom". In the final analysis, it's all about money.
Glencore's development focus is still on global trade. According to media reports, in 2020, Glencore achieved a total operating income of US$ 654.38+US$ 042.338 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 33.8%; Ranked 34th in Fortune Global 500. In 20 19, Glencore's total revenue reached $265,438+051.1/billion, ranking 17 among the world's top 500 companies.
Glencore had a hard time before, because around 20 15 years ago, global commodity prices generally fell to the bottom.
However, in recent years, energy prices have soared, and the income of natural Glencore has also increased year by year. From 20 17 to 20 19, Glencore's annual revenue exceeded 200 billion US dollars, which once reached10.5 trillion yuan when converted into RMB.
In 2020, Glencore will produce 1.26 million tons of copper, 27,000 tons of cobalt, 1.65 million tons of nickel and 1.70 million tons of zinc, accounting for 5.5%, 2 1.6% and 4.4% of the global total output respectively. At present, Glencore is the world's largest producer of zinc and chromium, the third largest producer of copper and the fourth largest producer of nickel, and one of the largest producers of coal in the world. It is reported that Glencore's business covers 35 countries and employs about 65,438+045,000 employees, including contractors. Now Glencore is a global comprehensive mining enterprise integrating mining, smelting, production and trade.
So, what is the relationship between this Glencore and China? In fact, the company has developed to this point, and people no longer care about national boundaries. Capital breaks national boundaries. As the saying goes, if American capitalists find that the American flag above the White House can no longer benefit them the most, they will not hesitate to replace the White House with a new flag.
We know that the relationship between China and the United States has deteriorated in recent years. Accompanied by it is the western ally of the United States, which also stands on the side of the United States. However, Glencore will not simply base itself on the United States. It's not how much they like China, but that they prefer profit.
Now, the CEO of Glencore once said: China controls the initiative of supplying cobalt, the key metal for manufacturing batteries, and western enterprises cannot "treat it lightly". I think western companies are too naive to rely too much on China. "What if one day China doesn't export batteries?" The CEO gave some warnings to western enterprises, saying not to simply underestimate China. He warned western companies that there was no long-term plan for cobalt supply. Objectively speaking, the so-called "three sentences don't leave the line" still starts from energy, although from the perspective of the western camp.
Now, everyone is still paying attention to the struggle between Glencore and Qingshan Holdings.
During this period, the highest price of nickel on the London Metal Exchange rose by more than 1 10%, a record high. Glencore completely denied the international opinion that Qingshan Holdings was launching a "forced air" war. Glencore officials said: "The above statement is completely nonsense." Of course, they can't admit their own small plans.
It is rumored in the market that Glencore wants a 60% stake in Indonesia's nickel mine. Qingshan Holdings' first high-grade matte nickel production line in Indonesia was officially put into production in June 5438+February last year. Nickel varieties are called "devil" nickel by people in the industry. Prices do fluctuate frequently. But now this kind of situation is really rare. In 20021year, the global nickel mine output was about 2.7 million metal tons, of which Russian nickel mine output accounted for about 9% of the global total output, ranking third. Therefore, the current international situation will definitely have an impact on the output of nickel. Although the export of Russian nickel products is not affected for the time being, the situation is changing day by day, and we don't know what will happen in the future. Therefore, the price of nickel will inevitably rise, further increasing the cost pressure of terminals such as the electric vehicle industry.
We know that in 2020, mankind experienced the biggest black swan event. Due to the epidemic, the global economy stepped on the brakes and the prices of all commodities and raw materials plummeted. Once, the price of oil was not only zero, but also negative. I don't know if you still remember, there was a time when people had to pay back other people's oil. However, this is only a temporary phenomenon. Was attacked by an epidemic. Later, the epidemic spread slowly, but the degree of chaos gradually weakened. The whole production slowly recovered. So energy is bound to bottom out and rebound. This is tantamount to picking up money for Glencore. Therefore, not every enterprise is losing money in the epidemic, and Glencore is doing well. Glencore has a large number of supertankers in its hands. At that time, there were many ghost ships on the international high seas, each of which was full of oil. According to media reports, in the first half of 2020, Glencore made a total profit of $654.38+03 billion, setting a historical record.
Now, all countries in the world are planning ahead and making their own plans. For example, the United States went to Venezuela to negotiate with Venezuela. The two sides discussed a series of issues such as "energy security". The EU cannot get rid of its dependence on Russian energy for the time being. As Lila Tassel Ding, a famous Venezuelan expert on international issues, said, "EU sanctions have also caused serious consequences. The world oil price has risen, affecting every family in the world." But this influence is not necessarily negative for Glencore. I believe Glencore will do something in the future.