A hedger is a person who hedges for the purpose of preserving value or risk-free arbitrage. A common form of hedging is trading in one market or asset to hedge the risk in another market or asset. For example, a company purchases a foreign exchange option to hedge the risks posed to its operations by fluctuations in spot exchange rates. A person who performs hedging is called a hedger or hedger.

Hedge is also translated as "hedging", "protecting the market", "supporting the market", "top insurance", "hedging transaction", etc. The original meaning refers to the speculative method of using two parties to place bets in order to prevent losses in gambling.

Speculators refer to investors who hope to make profits with smaller funds through "buying short" and "selling short" in the financial market. Speculators are willing to bear the risk of changes in the subject of speculation (stocks, bonds, futures, warrants, foreign exchange, gold, stamps, art, real estate, etc.). Once the price is predicted to rise, speculators will buy; once the price is predicted to fall, Speculators will sell, and when the price changes in the direction they expect, they will seize the opportunity to hedge and make profits.