Biological characteristics of 1
Sophora alopecuroides, also known as Sophora alopecuroides and Sophora alopecuroides roots, is a perennial wild leguminous plant. The root is straight and slender, with many lateral roots. Stems erect, branched at the upper part, 30-60 cm high. The whole plant is densely covered with gray-white creeping silky pilose. Odd-pinnate compound leaves, alternate, 6 ~15cm long,1~ 25 pairs of leaflets, oblong-lanceolate or oblong, entire,1.5 ~ 2.8cm long and 7 ~10mm wide. Racemes are born at the top of branches, about 10- 15cm long, and most flowers are closely arranged. It thrives and blooms in lightly salinized sandy land with high groundwater level, beside canals, ridges and abandoned land.
2 test site
3 1 Tuanliulian 1- 10 field (with perfect windbreak system, good drainage, mild saline-alkali soil and fertile soil), with an area of 180(667 m2), sandy soil, and high-pressure ground drip irrigation.
3 Garden architecture model
Using plastic film mulching, surface pressure water-saving drip irrigation and precision sowing technology. In the project area, jujube trees and Sophora alopecuroides were intercropped at 1: 2, and the plant spacing of Sophora alopecuroides was (86+66)cm×9cm, and the number of plants reached 6533/667 m2. The cultivation mode of direct seeding jujube is 4.56 m× 0.25 m.
4 preparation before broadcast
4. 1 soil preparation
In late March, 400 kg oil cake/667m2 and 50 kg chemical fertilizer (including 30 kg superphosphate/667m2 and 20 kg diammonium/667m2) were applied. After deep ploughing, they were irrigated in spring, and the irrigation amount was 180m2/667m2. Before sowing, seal the soil with 80g/667m2 of trifluralin.
4.2 seed treatment
Because the seeds of Sophora alopecuroides are sandwiched with fruit, the cortex is hard and the germination rate is low. After treatment with 90% concentrated sulfuric acid, the germination rate can be greatly improved, and the emergence rate can reach 92.5%, which ensures that all seedlings can be sown at one time.
5 mechanical sowing
The seeder is tray type with1.25m film. One drum of the seeder has 14 holes with a spacing of 9.3 cm, and the planting spacing of Sophora alopecuroides is 9 cm. When sowing, the filler is early rice with the ratio of 1: 1.5.
Sow when the 5cm ground temperature is kept above 12℃, and sow on April 8 12 in Tarim reclamation area. The row spacing of Sophora alopecuroides was (86+66)cm×9cm, and the seed dosage was 2 kg/667 m2. The row spacing of jujube trees is 4.56m× 0.25m, the seed consumption is150g/667m2, and the sowing depth is 2.5 ~ 3cm.
6 seedling management
6. 1 Fixed seedlings and supplementary seedlings
When the seedling height is 10cm, the seedlings are fixed according to the spacing of 9cm, the weak seedlings are eliminated and the strong seedlings are kept. Lack of seedlings should be filled with seedling transplanter.
6.2 Fertilizer and water management
All seedlings are irrigated by pressure drip irrigation, and the irrigation amount is 450m3/667m2, 6-7 times a year. Spring irrigation (flood irrigation) 180mV667m2, growth period 150m3/667m2. Autumn irrigation (flood irrigation) before August 20th is 120m3/667m2. See table 1 for details.
The annual fertilization rate is 100 kg/667m2, and the ratio of N, P and K is 1: 1.2: 0.44. Among them, 50kg/667m2 (30kg/667m2 of calcium superphosphate and 20kg/667m2 of diammonium phosphate) is applied with base fertilizer in spring or autumn; Topdressing 50 kg/667 m2 (potassium sulfate 10 kg/667 m2, cotton No.1 fertilizer 40 kg/667 m2 containing N39%%, P0.4%% and K8.8%%) is drip-irrigated in the growing season, with the irrigation amount of 30m3/667m2 each time and every15 ~.
7 Economic benefit analysis
In the first year, Sophora alopecuroides seedlings will not bloom and germinate. The seeds were harvested in July and August of the following year, with yield 150kg/667m2, market price 9 yuan /kg, output value 350 yuan /667m2, cost 960 yuan /667m2 and profit 390 yuan /667m2. In the second year, jujube was grafted, the yield was 200 kg /667m2, the market price was 20 yuan/kg, the output value was 4,000 yuan /667m2, the cost was 960 yuan /667m2, and the profit was 3,040 yuan /667m2. The total profit is 3430 yuan//667m2.
After three years, the output of Sophora alopecuroides is 200 kg/667m2, and the profit is 840 yuan/667m2; The output of jujube is more than 300 kilograms /667㎡, and the profit is 5040 yuan /667㎡. Total 5880 yuan//667m2.