(1) Content: During the Xining period, the land annexation in the Northern Song Dynasty was very serious, the gap between the rich and the poor became increasingly obvious, and natural disasters occurred repeatedly. At that time, in order to solve the livelihood problem, the poor usually borrowed money and food from rich households at high interest rates in difficult times. The next household that can't afford it when it expires has to go bankrupt, and the land has also been annexed by the rich households, so that the people are in trouble. In the early Song Dynasty, the practice was to follow the old system of Sui and Tang Dynasties, that is, to set up "regular warehouse" and "wide warehouse" to adjust food prices and relieve victims when the green and yellow crops were not available. It is equivalent to the social security fund established now to complete a social security function. However, during the reign of Shenzong, due to the increasing number of victims who asked for relief, local officials were bored with the victims who came to handle the relief procedures, and at the same time, they did not act as an urgent matter, which was widespread everywhere. On the other hand, there were a lot of redundant soldiers in the Northern Song Dynasty, and supporting these redundant soldiers often diverted the valley of the "two warehouses", so there were not many grains in the warehouses, and they were unable to resist the behavior of wealthy businessmen controlling the market. In such a situation. Based on his experience as a local official in his early years, Wang Anshi decided to change the "two warehouses" and implement the young crops law with reference to the example of young crops money promoted by Li Shen in Shaanxi. At the cost of the grain in the "two warehouses", it is converted into cash by various transshipment companies, and the cash is loaned to the next household at a lower interest rate than the rich households. This law contains quite responsible economic relations. First of all, the direct purpose of lending to the people is to help the poor; Secondly, the interest rate lower than that of rich households can curb private usury, thus reducing the burden on households and reducing the probability of land merger; Once again, farmers can cope when the green and yellow are not connected, focusing on agricultural production, which plays a certain role in promoting agricultural production; Then it is implemented by the government to stabilize interest rates nationwide and realize the macro-control function of government intervention; Finally, it can open up new sources for the state treasury and increase its income. This is also the main means of financial management mentioned by Wang Anshi when arguing with Sima Guang. Friends who have studied economics know that there are only three ways to create wealth: labor, natural resources and capital. Before, Su Shi put forward a financial plan of "making the best use of the land and making the best use of the people", which mainly embodied two traditional ways of financial management: improving labor productivity and strengthening the development of natural resources, and there was not much new idea. From the young crops method, we can see that Wang Anshi's financial plan is mainly realized through capital operation. For those of us who live in modern times, capital financing is no stranger, such as bank savings, funds, stocks, futures and so on. However, can you imagine that Wang Anshi, who lived in the ancient society of China in the 11th century, created wealth through capital? Without the preparation of capitalist enlightenment, what kind of economic wisdom is needed, and we have to admire Wang Anshi's super forward-looking thought. The idea is very good, but Wang Anshi ignores a very important factor. That is to say, the capital for the operation of the Young Crops Law is the social security fund of "two warehouses", and all of it is used for borrowing, and the borrowing tasks are assigned to local officials by administrative order, which is directly linked to political achievements. This means that the people of the whole country have lost the basic social security fund, or the basic social security that should have been obtained free of charge must now be realized in the form of loans. Look at many scandals about social security funds today, and the results are self-evident. In addition, issuing hard targets usually means that local officials will do whatever it takes. There are indeed many problems in the actual implementation process. Although the interest rate of dichotomy is lower than that of rich households, it also belongs to the category of usury. In fact, it is obviously unreasonable for the government to take the role of lender instead of rich households. Lending twice a year in spring and autumn, it is still true that spring ploughing needs loans for production, and autumn is the harvest season. It is puzzling that there is no need to lend, but it is necessary to implement it. In order to complete the loan task, local officials not only lent money to the lower households, but also the middle households and upper households without loan demand were forcibly apportioned. As a result, many merchants are in debt for no reason, which restricts the development of commodity economy on the other hand. The loan procedures are complicated, and farmers often can't get even assistance. Many victims prefer to choose the usury of rich households with simple procedures, which provides conditions for the rich households to merge their land. Loans need to be guaranteed by a middle-class family. When many people can't repay the state loans, the families as guarantees have to go bankrupt, which seriously weakens the power of the middle class and widens the gap between the rich and the poor. The depreciation expenses of local officials "Chen Gu goes out, new Gu Jin" are not returned to the lenders. At the same time, in order to complete the central target, they are often not calculated according to the dichotomy profit. In the end, countless people raise interest rates to six or eight points, and corrupt officials can enrich themselves. Wang Anshi is not ignorant of this situation, but because it really filled the national treasury, he took a non-objection attitude. In this way, corrupt officials are even more unscrupulous about the people. From this, we can see that the design of the Young Crop Law is not careful, but the implementation can only be said to be poor. (2) 1. Wang Anshi: In the second year of Shen Zongxi Ning (169), Wang Anshi implemented the new law. Ouyang Xiu criticized the Young Crop Law and did not implement it. In the past three years, except for the post of the ambassador of the South Campus of the Pacific Insurance Company, he insisted on not accepting it and changed his knowledge to Cai Zhou (now runan county, Henan Province). This year, the name was changed to "Liuyi Jushi". In June of four years, he resigned as Prince Shao Shi. Ju Yingzhou (now Anhui Province). On the 23rd of July (September 22, 172), Ouyang Xiu died at home. 2. Sima Guang: Wang Anshi supported the New Deal in Song Shenzong. He tried his best to oppose it and argued with Anshi before the emperor, emphasizing that the laws of his ancestors were immutable. God ordered him to be the deputy envoy of the Council, but he refused to give up. I strongly recommend Huang Zhongyong, the secretary of Taichang Temple, who has both ability and political integrity, as an assistant and assistant to the Council. He left Beijing in the third year of Xining (17) and learned about Yongxing Army with a bachelor's degree in Duanming Temple (now Xi 'an City, Shaanxi Province). He retired to Luoyang the following year and left Xijing to stay at Yushitai. 3, Wen Yanbo: Shenzong acceded to the throne, and Wang Anshi began to reform. At that time, the Tang Dynasty envoys Wen Yanbo and Wang Anshi held different views, and they talked about the disadvantages of various laws that hurt the people. Because of opposition to the reform, Wen Yanbo was appointed as a local official. 4. Lv Gongzhu: Bachelor of Hanlin. Against Wang Anshi's implementation of the new law, Yingzhou was known. Later, he was also known as Heyang, a bachelor of senior minister's hall and an ambassador of Dingzhou. 5. Su Shi: In the second year of Xining (169), he strongly disagreed with Wang Anshi's practice and thought that the new law could not be convenient for the people, so he wrote a letter against it. One result of this is that, like his teachers and friends who were forced to leave Beijing, they were not allowed to stay in the court. So Su Shi asked for release and was transferred to Hangzhou for a general sentence. 6. Cheng Lu Hui in the Imperial History: Wang Anshi was in power, opposed to political reform, and played the role of the disintegrated king to show the wilderness. If he was clever and deceitful in China, he would miss the world, dismiss him, and know Dengzhou. Next year, we will change our knowledge of Henan Province and promote Chongfu Palace in Xijing. Xining died in four years. 7. Fan Zhen, a bachelor of Hanlin: Because he opposed the new law, he disagreed with Wang Anshi and resigned and went home. 8. Fan Chunren, Foreign Minister of the Ministry of War: Because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law, he went out to know the house in the river and moved to Dufu Road as a transshipment ambassador.