After purchasing goods online successfully, when you browse again after a period of time, sometimes you will find that your order will become two or more orders, which is caused by the system splitting orders.
Breaking an order is a process of dividing a large order into two or more sub-orders according to certain rules. The original order is called the parent order.
The importance of splitting bills
Usually, document splitting refers to the user's sales order, but in actual business, document splitting can be seen everywhere, such as purchase order splitting and transfer document splitting. This article is all about the opening of sales orders, please understand!
In the Internet e-commerce system, the sales order has the closest relationship with the C-end users, with the largest amount of documents, which affects the user experience and the rules for splitting orders are relatively complicated.
Accurate and timely data is required for document splitting, because the sub-orders after document splitting need to flow into the warehouse for production operation, which will be a systematic process such as picking, delivery and delivery, and is also an important data source for subsequent financial system reconciliation or settlement and data analysis.
The scene of billing
After placing an order on platforms such as APP, users may bill at the front end because the inventory quantity of goods is not satisfied, that is, users can choose whether they need to bill, and they can do it according to the rules of fastest delivery or minimum billing.
You may be a little confused when you see this. Can I still place an order if the stock is insufficient? At present, many websites need to modify the quantity in case of insufficient supply before placing an order.
Indeed, there are fewer such scenes now, but in order to improve the customer experience, some merchants can deliver goods in multiple warehouses. When a single warehouse is out of stock, it is up to the user to decide whether to buy it, which should also be a way to improve the conversion rate.
Another scenario is that the order involves multiple businesses. When it needs to be paid separately, the front-end will directly split the order, but now it is basically paid together, which will reduce the user experience.
In addition, some businesses sell both domestic products and Haitao goods. If they are mixed, you need to bill first and then pay, because Haitao goods need to test the user's identity authentication and other information.
In most cases, after the user places an order, the system will open the order in the background, which should be considered in combination with the company's business scenario.
User purchases involve several bill splits.
In addition to the above scenarios, will there be any operation on the system when the user places an order?
In one case, when the user places an order, the system will judge whether there is inventory, which warehouse the order belongs to, whether it can be purchased, etc. According to the information such as the receiving address and commodities selected by the user. Strictly speaking, this service should belong to commodity inventory service, but it can also be called pre-demolition list.
Pre-demolition documents are generally used to call warehousing services to judge inventory, and at the same time, some preferential calculations should be made according to promotional activities. All these require the front-end system to mark the ordered goods when processing, so that when the user pays successfully, the order will flow to the OMS system for physical splitting.
After the front-end user successfully placed the order, the order was quickly transferred to the order center through OMS pull order service, and the order regeneration process began. After the order is split, the sub-order will be displayed to the user, and the original order generally does not need to be displayed, which is convenient for the user to track and view.
Therefore, from the user's point of view, people can directly see the results of demolition and an unconscious pre-demolition process.
When and where to open the document.
The pre-demolition list is accompanied by the shopping process, so I won't discuss it here, because whether it belongs to the demolition list depends on how we define it. Under normal circumstances, the system will not open the order after the user purchases the goods, because the user may cancel the order or the payment is unsuccessful.
When will the bill be issued? "Order paid successfully"? After that, the front-end orders need to be transferred to the back-end production warehouse and processed in the order center.
In the previous scenario, if the mall can't pay together, it will be split into several orders in the shopping cart. At this time, the order splitting can be defined as one-time splitting, or it can be attributed to the shopping process, because the user will not generate an order number and will not save the data of each order.
After the user pays successfully, each order will also flow to the background, and the subsequent production can only continue after being processed by the single-splitting service.
In the previous discussion of the statement splitting scenario, we mentioned an out-of-stock bill splitting. In this scenario, after the user successfully places an order, the order may be split into different sub-orders, but for some reason, the warehouse is out of stock.
At this time, the billing time is flexible. Generally, in the customer service system, whether to bill or not is decided according to the user's feedback.
Shortage affects the user experience, but it always exists objectively.
How many levels are there to split a document?
As can be seen from the above figure, the order splitting should be three-level, that is, the order created by the user is a parent order, and then it is normally split into multiple sub-orders as the second level through the order splitting service, and the subsequent sub-orders are split into sub-(grandchild) orders again due to shortage and other reasons.
In data design, under normal circumstances, the relationship between child orders and parent orders is related by ParentID, but when the level is above level 3, it is more troublesome to query the original order.
According to how the data structure is designed, an original order number can be added to record the original order number, which is convenient for statistical inquiry. Students in charge of document splitting service can discuss it in detail.
In order to avoid the complexity of the order and the difficulty of data processing such as query, statistics and analysis of the system, the order is at most three levels, not too much.
Open state
I have specially combed the articles on the order status before. Please refer to "Order Information and Status Flow" for details. This should be enough! ",in the process of billing, it also involves the conversion of order status.
When the parent order is split into sub-orders, the sub-orders become effective and the parent order should be set as invalid.
After the sub-order or parent order is split out of stock, is the original order status invalid or other?
After the order is split, the status should be set to "Pending Distribution", that is, the order needs to be pushed to the warehouse for distribution through the distribution service.
If the inventory needs to be removed after the order is distributed to the warehouse, the document status should be kept in the original state.
These are all details, but they have to be considered, because the order status involves the calculation and statistics of other business systems.
For example, the financial system makes statistics and reconciliation according to the payment slip in the A/P report. If the order status is invalid, how can the system obtain this part of data?
BI Some statistical analysis is based on status and order quantity, such as customer unit price, effective order number and so on.
Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider whether the order status caused by document splitting should be identified separately from the original order status.
Principles of opening files
We have made it clear that the reason for opening the bill is to ensure its implementation. What is the principle of billing?
The first is the principle of minimum document splitting, that is, two documents can be split, but not three, because splitting multiple documents will not only increase the number of documents, but also increase the complexity of the system, reduce the user experience, increase the workload of the warehouse and increase the freight.
The principle of fastest delivery, the removed sub-orders should be produced quickly and delivered quickly, which is the best way to increase the user experience. However, fast delivery depends on the layout of warehouse logistics, which is particularly important when a city can send multiple warehouses.
In general, billing should follow these two principles. At the same time, we also see that the billing service depends on the configuration of basic information. The most complicated thing about e-commerce system is that many places are related.
Rules for opening documents
The rules for opening documents vary from company to company. The following are some common rules for your reference.
(1) Orders from different merchants need to be split.
This is mainly used for platform-based e-commerce. General users buy goods in different stores, and the orders created also belong to this merchant. However, there are also platforms that use single payment, that is, users buy goods from different businesses, but the payment is once.
This is a little different from Taobao. Every merchant's account on Taobao is different, so it can't be paid at one time, but the platform merchants collect money on the platform, so they can divide the accounts and share the amount after one payment.
(2) Goods from different warehouses or suppliers need to be split.
Different orders in the warehouse need to be separated. For different suppliers, orders mainly refer to orders delivered directly by suppliers, that is, goods are not stored in warehouses, but delivered directly to users by suppliers, similar to platform merchants. But the difference is that the contracts signed are different, one is the purchase and sale contract, the other is the commission deduction contract, and the details are not developed. You can leave a message if you are interested.
(3) Need to open different types of goods.
Generally distinguish between luxury goods or goods with special requirements, which needs to be set according to the requirements of goods. Due to different commodity requirements, the types of logistics products used in logistics links are also different, and the logistics costs are also different. This part can also be processed in the warehouse according to the commodity information, but in the end it can be distinguished in advance at the upper level.
(4) Commodities with different temperature control properties need to be split.
This part generally refers to fresh e-commerce. The same warehouse has a normal temperature warehouse, a cold storage warehouse and a frozen storage warehouse, and different goods are stored. The selection and packaging of goods have different requirements, and bills need to be made.
(5) Open large-size goods.
Large-sized goods are different from ordinary goods in storage location, picking method, packaging and transportation, so large-sized goods need to be unpacked. Large-sized goods generally follow the fastest delivery and are not limited by the least reasons for unpacking.
(6) According to the inventory situation.
This is the process of splitting orders for out-of-stock goods, that is, orders with inventory and orders without inventory. If it is a secondary order, the parent order is the same, and the child order is derived from the child order, and the child order is 1.
(7) The goods in offline stores are not open.
If you buy goods online in a physical store, you don't need to bill.
(8) The combined goods cannot be split.
In the promotion activities, sometimes some packages and other commodities are sold in combination, that is, A, B, C and other commodities are packaged in the warehouse and then shipped out. Such commodities cannot be billed.
In the document splitting service, it is necessary to call the information of bill of materials to make a judgment, which depends on how the system is designed.
There are many rules for splitting documents, and the system depends on the priority set by the rules when processing them.
Single splitting algorithm
(1) scarce commodity algorithm
Find the most scarce goods in all warehouses and get the order for the goods.
(2) order reduction
Anyone looking for scarce goods needs a combination of warehouses, and these warehouses must be delivered. These warehouses are included in the delivery list, which will reduce orders, and the remaining warehouses will be merged again, reducing the number of operations.
(3) Pigeon hole principle algorithm.
Find the first-class warehouse receipt (the warehouse with the largest shipment), and the inventory of this warehouse must be issued, and then find the warehouse with the largest shipment, and so on, for the subsequent combination calculation.
(4) find a combination
Gradually increase the number of warehouses according to the warehouse receipt and find the combination.
The algorithm is only a path reference in the process of opening a document, which depends on the rules of opening a document. In any case, we must ensure the accuracy of the results and the speed of opening the document.
Two important steps of bill splitting service
Some contents of 1 change 2 and 2 change 4 have been discussed above. What should be considered and what should be done in the specific service system?
The above are all design considerations, and the most important thing is to rely on rules for design, data flow, timing and so on.
Amount allocation is the most important and complicated work in bill segmentation.
The first step is to split the parent order, reassemble the goods and generate a new order. The second step is to allocate the amount of the parent order to each sub-order reasonably and correctly.
Orders are generally divided into order main table and order commodity table, order payment schedule table and order activity table.
The order amount mainly includes several parts: the order amount, discount amount, gift card payment amount, integral payment amount, coupon payment amount, order payment amount and so on.
Freight is a special field in the order table, and how to allocate freight needs special consideration. Generally according to the proportion of the amount. Therefore, the amount of each part of the generated sub-order must also be consistent with the amount of the parent order.
The order commodity table, payment schedule and activity table belong to detailed information, and the distribution should be calculated according to the data and identification of the original order schedule.
The quantity of sub-orders must be correct in both horizontal and vertical directions. Horizontal indicates that the sum of the sub-orders is consistent with the amount of the parent document, and vertical indicates that the amount in the main table of the sub-orders is consistent with the amount in the detail table.
In addition, in the calculation of the amount allocation, an important rule is inevitable, that is, the consideration of the invoiced amount.
The distribution of this amount is closely related to the company's tax payment. It is very complicated that documents and invoices should be consistent, and commodity information and activity rules should be considered.
Some bill splitting services allocate the amount independently to reduce the impact of bill splitting and improve the order flow speed.
Speed requirements for opening documents
Because the order will not be distributed to the warehouse or merchant for production until the bill is issued, the speed is required to be fast.
When designing a system, rules can be considered comprehensively, and multithreading is the most commonly used method, but multithreading needs to consider resource competition and security. Under normal circumstances, if the warehouse has been determined after the order is placed, a number of services can be started according to the warehouse, which can avoid the difficulty of the procedure.
The document segmentation and distribution system should also have data monitoring, and there should be no backlog. If there is an exception in document splitting, in many cases, it depends on the state of an information field for circular processing, and there should be fault-tolerant processing in the service, so it can't be stagnant all the time.
Influence of bill segmentation
What is bill splitting? Why did you open the bill? How to make a bill? I have said a lot before, but what is the impact on the opening of the bill?
Let's start with a scene. Companies engage in promotional activities, buy A and get B, but the products of A and B have different temperature control properties, and users will definitely bill after placing an order.
After unpacking, the warehouse will pick up the goods and deliver the goods according to the sub-order. It is very likely that gift B will be given first, and A will be given later. The user first receives the receipt from B, and then A refuses or cancels it. At this point, if the associated sub-order is not judged when rejecting or canceling A, then the company will lose B.
If the status of associated sub-orders is judged, the complexity of the system will be very large, because it is very common to split a parent order into multiple orders in actual scenarios.
After the bill is split, the number of sub-orders increases, and its influence should be considered for reports such as customer unit price and statistical analysis. Different dimensions and different statistical caliber will inevitably lead to different data results, thus affecting business analysis and decision-making.
Influence has different understandings for different businesses. As a product research and development, it is still necessary to clarify the interests and businesses, especially the operators (focusing on activities), although this is a background service.
abstract
Dismantling orders are complicated. Reasonable disassembly will speed up the circulation of orders and provide a friendly user experience. Excessive disassembly will produce redundant data and increase the complex relationship between orders, statistics, calculation, after-sales and other links.
The above is my combing and summary of the demolition list, thank you for reading!