Atomic weight of element: 58.69

Element type: metal

Atomic number: 28

Element symbol: nickel

Chinese name of element: nickel

English name of element: nickel

Relative atomic mass: 58.69

Number of protons in the nucleus: 28

Number of Extranuclear Electrons: 28

Number of nuclear power audits: 28

Proton mass: 4.6844E-26

Proton relative mass: 28. 196

Period: 4

Number of families: eight

Molar mass: 59

Hydride: NiH3

Oxide: nickel oxide

The chemical formula of the highest valence oxide is Ni2O3.

Density: 8.902

Melting point: 1453.0

Boiling point: 2732.0

Peripheral electronic configuration: 3d8 4s2

Extranuclear electron configuration: 2,8,16,2

Color and state: silvery white metal

Atomic radius: 1.62

Common valence: +2, +3

Discoverer: Kronstadt

Time and place of discovery: 175 1 Sweden

Element source: nickel pyrite [(Ni, Fe)9S8]

Application of components: ferromagnetic metal components can be highly polished and corrosion-resistant. Mainly used in alloys (such as nickel steel and nickel silver) and as catalysts (such as raney nickel, especially for hydrogenation), and can be used to make money. Electroplating on other metals can prevent rust.

Discovered by: Kronstadt Date of Discovery: 175 1 year.

Discovery process:

175 1 year, Kronstadt, Sweden uses weathered particles on the surface of nickel ore to prepare nickel by heating with charcoal.

Element description:

A silvery white metal with a density of 8.9g/cm3. Melting point 1455℃, boiling point 2730℃. Valence 2 and 3. The ionization energy is 7.635 electron volts. Hard, magnetic and plastic. Good corrosion resistance, no oxidation in air, strong alkali resistance. It can slowly dissolve in dilute acid and release hydrogen to generate green positive divalent nickel ion Ni2+. There is no reaction to oxidant solution including nitric acid. Nickel is a medium-strength reducing agent.

Element source:

After the ore is calcined into oxide, it is reduced with water, gas or carbon.

Element usage:

Mainly used for manufacturing stainless steel and other corrosion-resistant alloys, such as nickel steel, chromium-nickel steel and various non-ferrous metal alloys. Copper-nickel alloy with high nickel content is not easy to corrode. It is also used as a hydrogenation catalyst and in the preparation of ceramic products, special chemical utensils, electronic circuits, green glass and nickel compounds.

Element auxiliary data:

The content of nickel in the earth's crust is not small, which is larger than common metals such as lead and tin, but much less than that of iron, and the melting points of nickel and iron are similar, so it is destined to be discovered later than iron.

/kloc-at the end of 0/7, Europeans began to pay attention to nickel (arsenic) mines. At that time, Germany used it to make cyan glass, which miners called kupfernickel. "Cooper" is "copper" in German; "Nickel" is a swear word, which means "deceptive kid". So the word can be translated as "fake copper". People thought it was a mixture of copper and arsenic.

Swedish chemist Kronst studied this mineral, and he got a small amount of metal different from copper. He published a research report in 175 1, thinking that this is a new metal, so it is called nickel, which is the origin of the Latin name of nickel and the symbol Ni. After nickel was discovered in Europe, the Germans first mixed it with copper to make so-called Germanic silver, or Deutsche Bank, which is the white copper in China.