Talking about the liberation of CA 130 from the liberation of the first long-headed freight car CA 10 in new China.
Keith-150
Universal KR- 1 1
As we all know, Jiefang CA 10, the first truck in New China, is a long nose model. Its direct prototype is KISS- 150, and its indirect prototype is international truck KR- 1 1. During World War II, the United States provided hundreds of thousands of military trucks to the Soviet Union under the Lease Act. During this period, the excellent performance of American-made models left a deep impression on the Russians.
Jiaxi 5 1
1943, the Russians accepted the technology transfer from the United States, and Gorky Automobile Factory began to produce Gas5 1 cars based on six American trucks. At the same time, Stalin Automobile Factory also introduced a new model, namely Gith-15438+0, to replace Gith -5 military truck. This model used a 5-speed gearbox for the first time, which made the performance of the vehicle stand out among many models at that time. Of course, this also laid the foundation for us to choose gith-150 as the prototype.
Generally speaking, before 1950s, long-headed trucks occupied almost all markets from west to east.
In 1950s and 1960s, the watershed between long-headed trucks and flat-headed trucks was the development of classic Mercedes-Benz models.
In fact, since Winton invented the first truck, long-headed trucks have been the mainstream of this model. Even today, Europe, where only flatbed cars can be seen, was also the case before the 1950s. Before the 1950s, Mercedes-Benz, Volvo and Scania were almost all long-headed cars, with the exception of a few models.
Development of Volvo Classic Cars
But in the 1950s, the market changed rapidly. And if we analyze it from some market environments, we may find some advantages of flat-headed cars.
After the end of World War II, the energy of all countries turned to the development of national economy. The war use of trucks has also been greatly reduced. Road freight has become the most important role of these trucks.
1950 benz L6600
Geographically speaking, compared with the United States, there are more mountain roads and detours in Europe (the speed limit of trailers in Europe is 90 km/h, while some places in the United States allow speed increase to 137 km), and the road width is relatively narrow. Therefore, drivers have new requirements for vehicle mobility and convenience of crossing the street.
Secondly, compared with American truck drivers, Europe's land area is relatively small, and going abroad is basically equivalent to the distance from Beijing to Hebei and Shanghai to Hangzhou. Therefore, compared with American drivers who need to live in the car, European truck drivers need less living space in the car. However, long-headed trucks can use more space to transform their living space, which can reduce the fatigue of drivers more.
Due to the relatively small land area, European trucks do not need a large fuel tank volume, which reduces frequent refueling. This is one of the advantages of long-headed trucks.
Therefore, flathead trucks with better driving vision can safely shuttle in everyone's driveway, naturally meeting the needs of drivers and being built more.
At the same time, the situation in America is just the opposite. Since the passage of the Federal Highway Assistance Act, highway construction has been out of control in the vast land of the United States. The straight highway and long-term driving make drivers need larger fuel tanks and more comfortable living space.
Of course, there are still many differences between the two models because the design of flat-headed trucks has undergone many changes. For example, long-headed trucks may have an advantage in fuel consumption because they are more aerodynamic, especially at high speeds.
For the safety of drivers, long-headed trucks are naturally better than flat-headed trucks. Of course, on the other hand, flat-headed trucks are more conducive to protecting pedestrian safety because the driver has a better vision.
In terms of maintenance, long-headed trucks also have a significant advantage-they don't need to lift the entire cockpit to knock down the items that the driver put in the cab, just open the front hood.
No driver is unwilling to choose a comfortable car, but German laws have changed the history of cars. Let's review the advantages of flat-headed trucks, which are easier to operate in narrow spaces. Can have better cargo space; Better vision, thus bringing security to "others". But this is not the most important thing for the driver's "selfishness". Who doesn't like to drive a more comfortable, convenient and fuel-efficient car when conditions permit?
Mercedes-benz LP333, an epoch-making flat car
In fact, the popularity of flatbed cars in Europe has a very important catalyst-the introduction of relevant laws. 1956, according to the newly revised road traffic vehicle law in Germany at that time, there were strict restrictions on the load capacity and size of trucks.
Double-axle trucks, the total length shall not exceed 1 1 m, and the maximum total mass shall not exceed 12 tons;
Three-axle trucks, the total length shall not exceed12m, and the maximum total mass shall not exceed16t;
The total length of full trailer and semi-trailer shall not exceed 14 meter, and the maximum total mass shall not exceed 24 tons;
In order to adapt to the law at that time, flat cars began to appear. Changing the flat head and axle became the best design scheme at that time. Mercedes-Benz LP333 became an epoch-making model in the flat car market at that time. Since then, the development of flat cars has been out of control and began to appear in the streets and alleys all over the world (except the United States).
There are more choices in China market. Which model do you prefer? As mentioned above, we have restrictions on the shape and size of trucks, so flat-headed cars are still the mainstream in the current market. But is it possible for us to choose a long-headed car?
With the adjustment of version 20 16 GB 1589, the maximum length of the original articulated train was limited to 16.5 meters, and it was adjusted to 18. 1 meter. Therefore, the long-headed car market has attracted the attention of many drivers. Related models are also put on the market more. But how do we choose?
By the way, we also found an interesting thing when we inquired about the development history of flat-headed cars and long-headed cars. In the United States, where long-headed trucks prevail, the average salary of truck drivers is 30% higher than that in Europe, which is about 40,000-50,000 dollars. In addition, trucks in the United States are mostly "self-employed cars", while truck drivers in Europe are usually employed by companies.
In China, self-employed car owners occupy more than 70% of the market. So, for better comfort, would you choose a long-headed car? According to the old driver. Judging from the current situation, it is not realistic. If the service life of the vehicle can be longer, perhaps the long-headed vehicle can become a more realistic choice. After all, everyone is more comfortable to use. But if you buy a car for two or three years according to the current service life, you have to sell it. Choosing a more comfortable car may not make much sense.
Secondly, if the driver's income can be improved and he has the ability to modify the cab environment, a more comfortable car is of course the best choice.