Bill, notes and bonds can all be translated into "bonds" in English. Securities are translated as "securities". The above three kinds of bonds all belong to the category of "securities". Among them, bills refer to short-term bonds, bills refer to medium-term bonds and bonds refer to long-term bonds. Securities are all kinds of economic rights and interests certificates, and also refer to specialized products. It is a legal document used to prove that the holder enjoys certain rights.

Securities mainly include capital security, currency securities and commodity securities. In a narrow sense, securities mainly refer to securities products in the securities market, including property market products such as stocks, debt market products such as bonds, and derivative market products such as stock futures, options and interest rate futures.

1. Bond face value

The face value of bonds refers to the face value of bonds, which is the principal amount that the issuer should repay to the bondholders after the maturity of bonds, and is also the calculation basis for enterprises to pay interest to bondholders on schedule. The face value of bonds is not necessarily the same as the actual issue price of bonds. If the issue price is greater than the face value, it is called premium issue; If it is lower than the face value, it is called discount; And if it is equivalent, it is called parity issue.

2. Repayment period

Bond repayment period refers to the time limit for repaying the principal of the bond stipulated by the corporate bond, that is, the time interval between the bond issuance date and the maturity date. The company should determine the repayment period of corporate bonds in combination with its own capital turnover and various factors affecting the external capital market.

3. Interest payment period

Bond interest payment period refers to the time when an enterprise pays interest after issuing bonds. It can be paid at one time, or 1 year, half a year or three months. Considering the time value of money and inflation, the interest payment period has a great influence on the actual income of bond investors. The interest of a bond that pays interest once at maturity is usually calculated at simple interest; For bonds that pay interest in installments during the year, interest shall be calculated according to compound interest.

4. coupon rate

The coupon rate of bonds refers to the ratio of bond interest to the face value of bonds, which is the calculation standard of the remuneration that the issuer promises to pay to bondholders in a certain period of time. The determination of bond coupon rate is mainly influenced by the bank interest rate, the issuer's credit status, the repayment period and interest calculation method, and the capital supply and demand in the capital market at that time.

5. Name of issuer

The name of the issuer indicates the debt subject of the bond, which provides the basis for the creditor to recover the principal and interest at maturity.