Both long and short positions are investments. Long refers to being optimistic about the future development of the asset and predicting that the stock price/asset will rise in the future, so it buys at a low price and earns profit from the price difference. A-shares are a long market.

Short position: Investors are not optimistic about the market outlook and believe that assets will fall in the future. They sell assets at a high price to obtain funds. When the assets, such as stocks, fall in the future, they buy them back at a low price. Earn the price difference.