Daudet, alphabet

Alphonse

He was born in a ruined silk merchant family in Nimes, southern France. Forced by poverty, he worked as a supervisor (similar to a self-study counselor) in a primary school at the age of fifteen and made a living by himself.

in p>1857, when he was 17 years old, he took his poem "The Woman Lover" (1858) to Paris and started his literary creation. In 1866, the publication of his prose and story collection "Letters from the Mill" brought him a reputation as a novelist.

two years after the publication of letters from the mill, 28-year-old Dude published his first novel, Little Things (1868), which gained a wide reputation.

"Little Things" semi-autobiographies the author's experience of having to run for a living because of his family's decline in adolescence, and depicts the cold relationship between people in capitalist society with a playful and humorous style. This novel is the representative work of Dude, which embodies the author's artistic style without malicious satire and implicit sadness, that is, the so-called tearful smile. Therefore, Dude is known as Dickens of France.

In p>187, when the Franco-Prussian War broke out, Dude was drafted into the army. War life provided him with new creative themes. Later, he wrote many patriotic short stories on the theme of war life. In 1873, he published a famous collection of short stories, The Tales of the Moon, Yao and Sun, most of which were set in this war. Among them, "The Last Lesson" and "The Surrounding of Berlin" enjoyed a high reputation because of their profound patriotic content and exquisite artistic skills, and became masterpieces of short stories in the world. They were later incorporated into the author's novel collection "Tales of the Moon, Yao and Japan".

The Last Lesson, written in 1873, describes a rural primary school in Alsace province, Prussia, which was ceded to Prussia after the Franco-Prussian War. The last French lesson bid farewell to the motherland. Through the self-narration of a naive and ignorant pupil, it vividly shows the French people's suffering from foreign rule and their love for their motherland. Although the theme of the work is small, it is carefully cut, narrated properly and the theme is deeply explored. Little Franz's psychological activities are described in a delicate and touching way. Very vivid. As a typical patriotic intellectual, Mr. Hamel, a teacher, has a vivid image. It has been translated into languages all over the world, and is often selected as a Chinese textbook for primary and secondary school students, and it has also been translated in China. The novel is based on the incident that Prussia forcibly annexed Alsace and Lorraine provinces after defeating France. Through what a pupil saw and heard in the last French class and his inner feelings, he profoundly expressed the deep patriotic feelings of the French people.

But "The Last Lesson" is actually a fabrication made by Dude who turned black and white regardless of historical facts. At that time, most residents of Alsace province spoke German dialects, and Alsace region belonged to Germany for a long time in the past. It was not until 1648 that it became an "informal protectorate" of France. It was not until Louis XIV that France occupied Strasbourg, which established its formal rule, but Alsace still gained the unique status of autonomy. In 1871, after the defeat of France, Alsace was classified as Germany. In 1918, Germany was defeated in World War I, and the region was transferred to France. To this day, most people in this area still speak German and seldom speak French. According to the British Encyclopedia Britannica, Volume I, page 245, "After World War I, the French government tried to assimilate the place, especially tried to replace the local traditional missionary schools with state schools, and banned the publication of German newspapers (German is the written language used by 75% local residents)". The consequence is: "Alsace's autonomy movement is booming, seeking autonomy in France and at home." Later, the French government gave up these measures of cultural assimilation, and the autonomy movement stopped.

in p>1871, Alsace had a population of 1.5 million. It is also true that there are 5, people who speak French. After the defeat of France, most of those 5, people later moved to France.

dude's description, even if it is true, only reflects the experience of a very small number of French people. In the past, due to the underdeveloped information circulation, it was difficult for other countries to understand the inside story of this matter, so many countries mistakenly included this article in the teaching materials. But today, dude's practice has been exposed. As a reader, we must distinguish right from wrong.

Dude's short stories have a unique style of euphemism, twists and turns and suggestiveness. In 1878 and 1896, Selected Stories and Winter Stories were published successively.

After the Franco-Prussian War, Du De's novels were prolific. * * * wrote twelve novels, among which the more famous one is Dai Darren (1872), which satirizes bourgeois mediocrity, the younger brother Romon and the older brother Lesley (1874), which exposes the decadent bourgeois family life, and Nouma? Lumes Dang (1881), Sappho (1884), Immortal (1888) and so on.

In Dadalan of Tarascon, Dude created a typical image of a boastful mediocrity, and the novel satirized the bravado heroism of some people in the bourgeoisie by cartoon.

Jacques tells the life experience and struggle process of a poor boy, which is similar to Little Things.

In The Rich, the author wrote a story about a nouveau riche who went bankrupt and even died when he arrived in Paris, which vividly outlined the ugly social fashion during the Second Empire.

Nouma Lumes Dang describes how a politician who is good at gaining jobs climbed to the high position of a minister and successfully created a typical image of a bourgeois politician.

The Immortal mainly satirizes the French Academy, the highest scientific institution. The protagonist in the book is just a mediocre pedant. He worked hard all his life and finally joined the French Academy and became an academician known as the Immortal, but his works were found to be fake science.

Sappho wrote a vulgar love story about a romantic woman Sappho, which was once criticized by French Marxist critic Lafayette. Dude is a prolific writer. Apart from a large number of novels, he also published two memoirs, Memories of a Writer and Thirty Years of Paris, in 1888. His play "The Girl of Alai City" (1872) was once set to opera by French musicians.

He wrote thirteen novels, one play and four collections of short stories in his life. In addition to Little Things, the more famous novels include Dai Darren of Dallas Gong (1872) which satirizes bourgeois mediocrity, and My Little Brother Fromond and My Long See Riesley (1874) which exposes bourgeois life. Dude agrees with Zola's naturalistic creation theory, but he is not indifferent to describing reality.

His nearly 1 short stories, each of which is generally two or three thousand words, are concise and vivid, with rich and colorful themes, novel and ingenious ideas and elegant and light styles.

In literary theory, Dude agrees with Zola's many naturalistic creative viewpoints. However, in his creative practice, he did not record human activities objectively and describe social reality indifferently in the laboratory like a scientist. As he said in Little Things, my story is just borrowed? Feng Dan's fable added my own experience. Dude's works add his own experience, from which we can see his joy, melancholy, anger and tears. He made a humorous mockery and mild criticism of the decadent and declining world situation of French capitalism at that time, and the basic tendency of his works was progressive.

generally speaking, his creative tendency is to criticize the capitalist reality. However, his social vision is not broad enough, and his criticism is not profound enough. His exposure is often limited to the social world and human customs, while his sympathy for ordinary people who are unfortunate under the capitalist system is close to compassion. He often describes the little people he is familiar with and observes them with a kind and humorous eye. His observation is meticulous, and he is good at digging out something unique from life, expressing it in a natural style, and deeply injecting his feelings between the lines. Therefore, his works often have a soft poetry and touching charm!

Anecdote of Dude

The author of the world-famous novel Madame Bovary is Flaubert, a 19th century French critical realist. His home was located in the town of Morillo, where contemporary French writers Goncourt, Dodd, Mo Bosang and Merimee often met on Sundays.

One day, when Dude, the author of The Last Lesson, came to Flaubert's house as usual, he accidentally met Turgenev, a Russian critical realist writer living in France and the author of the novel Smoke. So, with a frank heart, Dude told him about his infinite admiration for his talent and character and his high appreciation of The Hunter's Notes.

From then on, they forged a deep friendship, and Turgenev even became a frequent visitor to Tudor's family. Nevertheless, Turgenev did not change his evaluation of Dudek's works because of his high praise for his works and the deep friendship between them. In his opinion, Dude is the least capable one in their circle, but he only wrote this view as a secret in his heart and never revealed it to anyone.

turgenev died of fatal spinal cord cancer in 1883. After his death, when Dude accidentally discovered this long-hidden secret from his diary, he felt extremely surprised, as if he had been hit by a stuffy stick head-on, and he didn't know what to say ...

In addition, please refer to the entries of Arthas and Lorraine for the authenticity of The Last Lesson. Nationalism always has its limitations, so it does not hesitate to distort the facts. In literary theory, Dude agrees with Zola's many naturalistic creative viewpoints. However, in his creative practice, he did not record human activities objectively and describe social reality indifferently in the laboratory like a scientist. As he said in Little Things, my story is just borrowed? Feng Dan's fable added my own experience. Dude's works add his own experience, from which we can see his joy, melancholy, anger and tears. He made a humorous mockery and mild criticism of the decadent and declining world situation of French capitalism at that time, and the basic tendency of his works was progressive.

generally speaking, his creative tendency is to criticize the capitalist reality. However, his social vision is not broad enough, and his criticism is not profound enough. His exposure is often limited to the social world and human customs, while his sympathy for ordinary people who are unfortunate under the capitalist system is close to compassion. He often describes the little people he is familiar with and observes them with a kind and humorous eye. His observation is meticulous, and he is good at digging out something unique from life, expressing it in a natural style, and deeply injecting his feelings between the lines. Therefore, his works often have a soft poetry and touching charm.

Dude (184-1897) was a French realistic writer in the second half of the 19th century. Born into a ruined silk merchant family in the south of France, forced by poverty, he made a living alone at the age of fifteen. First, I worked as a student self-study counselor in a primary school. Later, he came to Paris, engaged in literary and artistic creation, and lived a poor young literati life. In 1866, the collection of short stories "The Mill Letters" was published, which attracted people's attention. In 1868, the novel Little Things was published, which was a great success, and Dude won the reputation of a famous novelist. The Mill Essay takes the daily life of Provence, the hometown of Dude, as the theme, describes the distress and misfortune of small people in capitalist society, and expresses the author's nostalgia for the natural scenery and customs of his hometown. "Little Things" semi-autobiographically describes the author's experience of having to run for a living because of his family's decline in adolescence, and depicts the cold relationship between people in capitalist society with a playful and humorous style.

In p>187, the Franco-Prussian War broke out, and Dude was drafted into the army. In 1873, he published another famous collection of short stories, The Tales of Yueyao, which was based on this war. Among them, "The Last Lesson" and "The Surrounding of Berlin" enjoy a high reputation because of their profound patriotic content and exquisite artistic skills, and have become masterpieces of the world's short stories. "The Last Lesson" describes a rural primary school in Alsace province, which was ceded to Prussia after the Franco-Prussian War. The last French lesson to bid farewell to the motherland language vividly shows the French people's suffering from foreign rule and their love for their motherland through the self-narration of a naive and ignorant pupil. Although the theme of the work is small, it is carefully cut, narrated properly and the theme is deeply explored. Little Franz's psychological activities are described in a delicate and touching way. As a typical patriotic intellectual, Mr. Hamel, a teacher, has a vivid image.

Dude wrote nearly a hundred short stories in his life. Each article is generally two or three thousand words, with concise and vivid writing, rich and colorful themes, novel and ingenious ideas and elegant and light style.

After the Franco-Prussian War, Du De's novels were prolific. * * * wrote twelve novels, among which, Dai Darren of Dallas Gong (1872), which satirized bourgeois mediocrity, Little Brother Romon and Elder Brother Risley (1874), which exposed the decadent bourgeois family life, and Nouma Lumes, who portrayed the image of a bourgeois politician who was adept at gaining profits.

In literary theory, Dude agrees with Zola's many naturalistic creative viewpoints. However, in his creative practice, he did not record human activities objectively and describe social reality indifferently in the laboratory like a scientist. As he said in Little Things, "My story is just borrowed from La Fontaine's fable and added with my own experience." Dude's works are "added" with "his own experience", from which we can see his joy, melancholy, anger and tears. He made a humorous mockery and mild criticism of the decadent and declining world situation of French capitalism at that time, and the basic tendency of his works was progressive.

letters from the mill is a beautiful little book. Away from the hustle and bustle of Paris, in the beautiful countryside of Provence, the author feels everything in this land with a humble and silent heart: simplicity, beauty, poverty and sadness. The following are some excerpts from the letters of the Mill:

Whenever the northwest wind or the north wind doesn't blow too hard, I am between two piles of rocks that are almost level with the sea

, and I associate with seagulls, river birds and petrels. There, I spent almost all day indulging in a state of numbness and wonderful silence caused by staring at the sea. Do you understand the intoxication of this mysterious soul? One need not think or fantasize. Your whole heart is separated from you, it is flying, it is spreading. It's like a seagull diving, a foam rippling between two huge waves in the sun, a wisp of white smoke on a receding ship, a coral-collecting boat with a red sail, a drop of water, a touch of smoke, everything exists except itself ... "

Dude (184 ~ 1897)

daudet, alphabet

. Born in Provence on May 13th, 184, he died in Paris on December 15th, 1897. In 1857, he went to Paris, where he worked with his brother, the historian Al.