1, the stock is a certificate of the company's shareholders. If you own shares in this company, you are a shareholder of this company and get dividends. Of course, you can also exchange your own shares for money or buy other people's shares. This is a stock exchange. The main principle is to buy low and sell high (as far as A shares are concerned).

2. What does futures mean? When you see Uncle Wang planting apple trees next door, you say to Uncle Wang, "I'll give you 5 yuan, and give me a catty when the apples are ripe." This kind of behavior is futures, so when the apple matures, is it 5 yuan a catty? This is the essence of trading. So futures trading has gone up and down. To put it bluntly, it is to guess the ups and downs.

Nowadays, speculation in foreign exchange generally refers to the spot of foreign exchange. The essence is to change your currency into other currencies and then buy or sell it when it goes up or down. Generally speaking, the way to trade is to guess the ups and downs (this is a simple understanding).

Under normal circumstances, except for A-share stocks, other products are generally two-way transactions, that is, buying up and buying down, making money by buying the right one and losing money by buying the wrong one.