The climate in Henan is generally characterized by cold winter, less rain and snow, more wind and sand in spring, abundant rain in summer and sunny autumn. The annual average temperature in the whole province is generally between 12℃ and 16℃, between -3℃ and 3℃ in 1 month, and between 24℃ and 29℃ in July. Generally, it is high in the east and low in the west, high in the south and low in the north, with obvious differences between mountainous areas and plains. The annual temperature difference and daily temperature difference are relatively large, with extreme minimum temperatures of -2 1 and 7℃ and extreme maximum temperatures of 44 and 2℃. The frost-free period of the whole year is 18-24 days from north to south. The average annual precipitation is about 5-9 mm, with more mountains in the south and west, and the Dabie Mountains can reach more than 1 1 mm. 5% of the annual precipitation is concentrated in summer, and there are often heavy rains.