1. Different compensation objects in compensation trade include: compensation trade agreement, equipment import contract and compensation product export contract.

2. The essential links to reach a contract in a transaction are: offer and acceptance.

3. Methods of specifying the scope of force majeure in the contract: general, enumeration and synthesis.

4. According to the size of the agency authority, it can be divided into: general agent, general agent and exclusive agent.

5. Bill of lading can be divided into clean bill of lading and unclean bill of lading according to whether there are bad reviews.

6. Balance: Take the letter of credit as the object, strive to realize the connection and comprehensive balance of goods, certificates and ships, and ensure the smooth performance of export contracts.

7. There are three ways to settle foreign trade in China: settlement, agreement settlement and regular settlement.

8. International Trade Terminology III Convention: 1932 Warsaw-Oxford Rules, 194 1 Revised American Foreign Trade Definition, Incoterms Interpretation Rules 2000.

9. The Anglo-American law divides liquidated damages into punitive liquidated damages and liquidated damages.

10. Hedging exists according to the trader's position: selling hedging and buying hedging.

noun

1 In order to sell or buy a batch of goods, one party to the transaction puts forward relevant trading conditions to the other party and expresses its willingness to conclude the transaction according to these conditions. This behavior is called an offer.

Collection is a settlement method in which the exporter draws a bill of exchange (with or without shipping documents) drawn on the importer after the goods are shipped, and entrusts the bank at the place of export to collect the payment on behalf of the exporter through its branch or correspondent bank at the place of import. It belongs to commercial credit and adopts reverse exchange method.

International trade custom refers to an arbitrary code of conduct that is gradually formed spontaneously in the practice of international trade, and is generally accepted and often observed in a certain region or industry.

Letter of credit (L/C) refers to the written guarantee document issued by the issuing bank to a third party at the request of the applicant and according to its instructions, which contains a certain amount and is paid within a certain period of time against the documents that meet the requirements. Letter of credit is the most important and commonly used payment method in international trade.

Claim means that one party in international trade violates the contract and directly or indirectly causes damage to the other party, and the injured party demands the breaching party to compensate for the loss.

A trademark is a distinctive sign of words, graphics, letters, numbers, three-dimensional symbols, colors or the combination of the above elements used by producers and operators of commodities in their production, manufacturing, processing, selection and distribution or services provided by service providers. It is the product of modern economy.

In the international freight market, the freight forwarding industry is between the consignor and the carrier. Entrusted by the consignor, it acts as an agent for chartering, booking space, loading, preparing relevant documents, customs declaration, inspection, insurance, container transportation, unpacking, issuing bills of lading, settling freight and miscellaneous fees, and even presenting documents for negotiation and settlement.

The 8FOB transaction is concluded according to this clause, and the buyer is responsible for sending a ship to pick up the goods. The seller shall load the goods on the vessel designated by the buyer at the port of shipment stipulated in the contract and within the specified time limit, and notify the buyer in time. When the goods cross the ship's rail during loading, the risk passes from the seller to the buyer.

9 refers to the legal system that ships, goods and other property encounter the same danger on the same sea voyage, and deliberately and reasonably take measures for the same safety and directly cause special sacrifices and special expenses, which are shared by all beneficiaries in proportion.

10 foreign-related arbitration, also known as international arbitration, mainly refers to international economic and trade arbitration, that is, in international economic and trade arbitration activities, the parties voluntarily submit disputes arising from their legal relations to an arbitration institution agreed by the parties for arbitration according to their arbitration agreement.

1 1 Hedging traders cooperate with the transactions in the spot market to buy or sell futures contracts with the same variety and quantity as those in the spot market, but in the opposite direction, so as to compensate for the actual price risk caused by the price changes in the spot market by selling or buying the futures contracts at some future time.

12 OEM refers to OEM in which the seller indicates the trademark and brand designated by the buyer on the goods or packages he sells according to the requirements of the buyer.

13 with 2

14 confirmed letter of credit refers to the letter of credit issued by the issuing bank, and another bank guarantees to fulfill the payment obligation for the documents that meet the terms of the letter of credit.

Trade terms (15), also known as price terms, are produced in the long-term international trade practice, and are used to express the composition of transaction price and delivery terms, and to determine the risks, responsibilities and expenses of buyers and sellers.

16cpt means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier designated by him, pays the freight for transporting the goods to the destination, and goes through the export customs clearance procedures. That is, the buyer bears all risks and other expenses after delivery.

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