One is mutual benefit and win-win, changing the concept of predatory resource development. Strengthen the dialogue with the governments of resource investment demanding countries, actively promote the signing of bilateral mining investment protection agreements, and protect and consolidate China's foreign resource investment rights and interests under the framework of government agreements. Closely combine resource development with the economic development of resource-rich countries to achieve win-win or even win-win; At the same time, seek the layout of the article, unite with emerging countries to break the current monopoly of international mineral resources by developed countries, and build a new pattern dominated by developed and developing countries.
The second is to adopt a flexible and diverse "going out" approach. Follow up important international mining projects and companies, give priority to economy, and participate in overseas mining development through state loans, economic assistance and overseas geological prospecting funds by means of government financial resources. Taking enterprises as the main body, through the combination of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises, private enterprises come forward to carry out asset restructuring and equity conversion, which can effectively reduce risks. On the premise of ensuring China's resource rights and interests, it is worth exploring to hold shares in an all-round way.
The third is to do a good job in the top-level design of national strategy and appropriately relax policy restrictions. Do a good job in the top-level design of the national "going out" strategy, and combine resource allocation with foreign aid and industrial transfer. First of all, the method of "foreign aid geological survey" is adopted as the first link for China enterprises to participate in international resource allocation. Secondly, geological prospecting units should be encouraged to attract some smelting and rolling enterprises that mainly consume mineral resources to invest and build factories in the countries where the resources are located.
Fourth, it is in line with international mining standards and takes the opportunity to conduct overseas mergers and acquisitions. Inconsistency with international mining standards affects the "going out" pace of China enterprises. On the one hand, China's geological prospecting units "going out" to carry out mineral exploration need to abide by internationally unified economic and technical evaluation standards and engineering design standards; On the other hand, after overseas mergers and acquisitions, it is necessary to integrate foreign assets. If the standards are inconsistent, it will affect the communication between decision-making and management. This requires us to speed up the formulation of international mining standards, seize the rare "window period" and acquire or merge overseas high-quality mineral resources.
Column 17 establishing a global governance mechanism for bulk energy resources
Fossil energy such as oil, natural gas and coal, as well as bulk mineral resources such as iron ore and non-ferrous metals, are important material foundations for the development of human society. From a global perspective, the existing energy resources reserves can meet the long-term development needs of the world economy. At present, most international commodity transactions are determined by the prices of some leading international futures markets, that is, the spot prices of commodities mainly refer to the authoritative futures market prices.
Global governance mechanism is conducive to creating a stable international political environment, maintaining world economic security and international financial market stability, China's sustained, steady and rapid economic development, emerging economies' good development momentum, energy resources security in developed countries, and energy resources suppliers' long-term stable income.
The goal of establishing a global market governance mechanism for bulk energy resources. Under the framework of G20, the goal of building a global bulk energy resource market governance mechanism can be summarized as follows: to formulate fair, reasonable and binding international rules, and to form multilateral coordination mechanisms such as forecasting and early warning, price coordination, financial supervision and safety emergency for bulk energy resource market, so as to make the global energy resource market more secure, stable and sustainable. Security, including supply security, timely, fully and economically allocate energy resources on a global scale; It is safe to use, and there are no dangers, threats and accidents in the process of development, production, conversion, storage, transportation and consumption. Stability, including price stability, reduces the risks brought by inflation and plunge; Stabilize supply and demand and maintain the balance between production and consumption; Policy stability, effectively coordinate national policies and related standards, and reduce the risk of uncertainty. Sustainability, including the rational development and efficient utilization of energy resources, as well as the mutual benefit, win-win situation and common development of relevant participants in the whole industrial chain.
The principles of constructing the global bulk energy resources market governance mechanism are: free competition principle, broad representation principle, mutual benefit and win-win principle, and operability principle. The framework of global bulk energy resources market governance mechanism includes the establishment of information notification mechanism, price coordination mechanism, financial supervision mechanism, safety emergency mechanism and reasonable consumption mechanism.
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