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What is Schrodinger's cat principle?
What is a Schrodinger cat? This has to start from the beginning. E. Schrodinger (1887- 196 1) is a famous Austrian physicist and one of the founders of quantum mechanics. He won the 1933 Nobel Prize in physics, and Schrodinger's cat was proposed by him in 1935. It is found that the key lies in the interaction of environment, which leads to the transformation of the original quantum superposition state into a classical deterministic state. But it is too simplistic to regard these subjects as Schrodinger cats. A single atom or molecule is far from Schrodinger's cat. This experiment [5] reported by Nature is different from the one mentioned above. The Schrodinger cat used by J. R. Friedman and others at the State University of New York at Stony Brook is not a single particle, but a superconducting current composed of billions of pairs of electrons in a superconducting circuit near absolute zero. Experiments show that this macroscopic quantum system composed of a large number of particles can also be in a superposition state-equivalent to the "dead-alive superposition state" of Schrodinger's cat. Of course, the superconducting current composed of billions of pairs of electrons can't be compared with the cat composed of hundreds of millions of atoms, but compared with a single atom, this is a big step forward. So someone exclaimed, "Schrodinger's cat has become fat!" "The next step is to do experiments with real cats? No way! First of all, it can't be isolated from its surroundings-a cat in a vacuum will soon die. Secondly, unlike superconducting current near absolute zero, cat at room temperature is not a macroscopic quantum system at all. How can it be superimposed? Besides, there is no need to do such an experiment. According to the existing experimental results, physicists have been able to explain why Schrodinger's cat can't have a "dead-alive superposition state" that conforms to quantum mechanics. The reader will say, "Isn't it just an imaginary cat? Let Hawking shoot him. "It's not that simple, otherwise many physicists wouldn't be so diligent. Schrodinger's cat paradox leads to a deeper question: what is the relationship between a large number of organisms composed of atoms and molecules and the quantum mechanical laws followed by these microscopic particles? This is not only an important theoretical issue, but also of practical significance. For example, the mechanism of self-consciousness is still an unsolved mystery, and some people think it may be related to quantum mechanics or deeper microscopic laws. Another example is "epiphany" in the process of thinking. Will it be related to the above-mentioned "a state jumps out of the original uncertain superposition state"? It may also be related to the origin of life, the variation of species, the mechanism of photosynthesis and so on. In a word, the secret of life and the mystery of thinking cannot be unrelated to the laws of quantum mechanics. No wonder Schrodinger later became interested in life science. From 65438 to 0946, he wrote the famous book What is Life and put forward some original opinions. Unfortunately, in his lifetime, the cat in this poor box is still unknown.