Forward arbitrage means that the price ratio between futures and spot is higher than the upper limit of no-arbitrage range, and arbitrageurs can sell futures and buy spot with the same value at the same time. After the current spot price ratio falls back to the no-arbitrage range, they will close their positions at the same time to obtain arbitrage income. Its purpose is arbitrage. Futures hedging refers to the trading activities in which the futures market is used as a place to transfer price risks, and futures contracts are used as temporary substitutes for buying and selling commodities in the spot market in the future to insure the prices of commodities to be bought in the future.