1. Rub the stone

Rub a slit on the surface of the original stone so that you can turn on a light to observe the internal conditions and determine whether there is green, as well as the depth, width and concentration of the green.

Then the merchant will judge whether the rough stone can be used as a bracelet based on the cracks, and then consider pendants, ring surfaces, and beads. The bracelet can be said to be the essence of the rough jade stone.

2. Cutting and Slicing

After having a preliminary understanding of the original stone, you need to cut the original stone and then slice it. After cutting it, the merchant needs to determine whether the bracelet is "selling sex" or "selling seed water".

Although this step is judged only by the merchant's existing experience, it is crucial. It not only determines the performance of the bracelet, but also determines the merchant's subsequent transactions and income.

3. Draw the bracelet ring seal

After the raw materials are sliced, the merchant decides what size bracelet to take based on the cracks, size, and color distribution of the raw materials, so that the kind and color of the bracelet reach the desired level. Optimum, yield reaches maximum.

This step requires the merchant to have a good understanding of the market conditions, not only to know the price, but also to observe and study the buyer's preferences, which is also a very big test for the merchant.

4. Suction the outer ring

Put the jade piece with the drawn bracelet position on a special diamond lathe, match it with the corresponding drill bit according to the diameter of the outer ring, and then drill with a downward pressure Suction, sucking out the entire bracelet, is called "sucking the ectoblast" in the industry.

5. Inspecting the bracelet cake

After sucking out the outer embryo of the bracelet, the merchant needs to check whether there are impurities, color changes, and whether there are cracks due to the processing process. Only after the inspection is completed can you proceed to the next step.

6. Suction of the inner ring

According to the diameter of the inner ring of the bracelet, select the corresponding drill bit, and then use a downward pressure drill to suck out the inner ring. This is called "sucking the inner ring" in the industry. The middle part that comes out is called the "bracelet core". After this step you can get a rough bracelet.

When sucking out the ecto-embryo and endo-embryo, try to keep the jadeite sheet filled with water, otherwise the jadeite will crack easily.

7. Topping and edging

Topping is to remove the flaws and cracks in the rough embryo, and edging is to remove the edges and corners of the bracelet and grind it into a smooth state.

8. Blank punching

Grind the rough embryo of the bracelet out according to the needs. The curvature angles of round bracelets and flat bracelets are different, so the angle and strength during punching are different. Same.

Manual punching is suitable for high-end bracelets, while setting machine punching is suitable for mid- to low-end bracelets.

9. Polishing

Grind the marks on the rough embryo of the bracelet into a smooth surface, and completely shape it from the inside to the outside.

10. Polishing

Remove sand and polish the polished bracelet several times until the bracelet reaches its desired brightness.

Usually what we see are perfect bracelets, but there are more than a dozen processes behind them, and a lot of material is worn away step by step, and there is no way to make leftovers.

At the same time, this is also a very important test for the experience of the merchants and the skills of the processors. If there is a mistake in one step, all the previous efforts will be wasted.

After reading the complex processing procedures of these jade bracelets, I finally understand why jade bracelets can easily cost hundreds of thousands, and the best ones can cost hundreds of millions! But now, fake jadeite bracelets costing hundreds of dollars can be seen everywhere on the street. Unscrupulous merchants will do anything to gain profits, harming the physical and mental health of the people. So how are these fake jadeite bracelets made? Lanyu Jewelry’s source of jadeite eliminates intermediate injuries and price differences

The production process of fake jadeite bracelets

1. Surface treatment of B-grade jadeite

The jadeite has been treated with glue injection Afterwards, follow-up treatments such as polishing are carried out to make the surface smooth, increase the gloss, make network cracks less likely to appear, and make the surface more dazzling. Needless to say, the dangers of B goods! I’ve seen the production process, so I don’t think there will be any good results if I carry it with me! When visually inspecting jadeite, you should generally pay attention to two things. First, see whether the jadeite has green properties (except of course ice species, glass, etc.), and secondly, whether the jadeite has colorless roots!

2. Acid treatment

Put the jade raw material to be treated into a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid and heat it. The temperature range is between 90 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is greater than 100 degrees Celsius, the acid will boil and become highly volatile, and the acid will lose its effect within a short period of time. At a temperature of about 90 degrees, the reaction speed can be accelerated and the ferrous ions and iron ions in the acid and jade can be used to remove yellow and dirty bottoms. It can also reduce volatilization and extend the service life of the acid. After the reaction for a period of time, take out the jadeite raw material from the acid solution and put it into clean water, raise the temperature, take it out after boiling, replace it with clean water, and heat it to boiling again. Repeat this 3-4 times in order to clean out the acid that has penetrated into the jadeite. Because the colored substances between the jadeite grains or in the cracks are dissolved and taken away by the acid, the background color of the jadeite will turn white. Hair is dry and opaque. At this time, the structure of the jadeite has been damaged to a certain extent.

Lanyu Jewelry’s source of jadeite eliminates intermediate injuries and price differences

3. Alkali treatment

After acid treatment, the jadeite raw material washed with water is placed in a caustic soda solution and heated to about 90 degrees. At the same time, due to the action of strong alkali, the expansion of cracks is accelerated and the jade structure is further loosened. The above acid treatment and alkali treatment processes are repeated many times and can be adjusted according to the particle size of the raw material or the density of the structure. , generally ranging from tens of days. Since the mineral composition of jadeite is different, the acid etching speed and processing efficiency of jadeite samples are very different during acid treatment. Some jadeite is not suitable for filling even after acid treatment. Generally speaking, the more impurities, the faster the acid etching speed. The shorter the processing time required. At the same time, the degree of loosening and destruction of the jadeite structure is related to the density of the original jadeite structure, as well as to the concentration of strong acid and alkali and the length of treatment time. If the original jadeite raw material has finer and denser grains, the soaking time will be shorter. The less damaged the structure is; if the original structure is thicker and looser, and the processing time is longer, the damage to the structure will be stronger. During the treatment process, because the acid-base solution is easily volatile at the reaction temperature, the number of liquid changes is high, and the acid-base solution concentration is high, which increases the cost. However, the processing time can be shortened accordingly; conversely, the number of fluid changes is reduced and the cost is accordingly reduced. The concentration of acid and alkali solutions decreases due to volatilization, resulting in prolonged processing time. Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose of purifying loosened jade raw materials, it is necessary to select economical and reasonable acid-base concentration, number of liquid changes, processing temperature and processing time based on the raw materials to be processed.

After repeated acid and alkali treatment, the jadeite structure is very loose, and the particles will fall off when touched lightly. Therefore, the steel wire fixation effectively reduces the breakage rate of the bracelet material.

4. Glue injection and filling treatment

The process of acid and alkali treatment of jade is carried out along the gaps between particles, resulting in a loose structure. The filling resin is not only for cementing, it has become a loose structure. Increasing its strength also serves the purpose of increasing transparency. After acid and alkali treatment, the jadeite is neutralized and cleaned, then placed in an oven to dry and then moved into an autoclave. It is sealed and vacuumed. Then the epoxy resin and the curing agent diethanolamine are mixed in a certain proportion, heated to reduce its viscosity, and then high pressure is added. In the cauldron. At this time, continue to maintain the vacuum state for a period of time, then turn off the vacuum pump, return to normal pressure, and then add a certain pressure to the autoclave. The purpose is to enable the resin to completely penetrate into the loosened structure of the jadeite and take out the raw material of the jadeite. Heating until the surface solidifies completes the B treatment process. The processed materials can be used for polishing, shaping, engraving and other post-processing processes. The final sample after color injection and polishing. On the left is the sample after dye injection and glue filling. On the right is a sample that has only been filled with glue.

5. Coloring treatment

Before the glue injection and filling treatment, dyeing treatment can be carried out according to customer needs, and the surface of the raw material can be dyed with pigments. Pigments are divided into two types: oil-soluble and water-soluble, respectively called oil-based dyes and water-based dyes; they can be spot-dyed or dip-dyed; they can be dyed with the same color or multiple colors at the same time. After dyeing, the glue is injected and filled to make it look more natural and soft, stable and not easy to fade.