Classification: It is divided into intraday liquidation gains and losses and deferred liquidation gains and losses. The profit and loss of closing positions on the same day refers to the profit and loss of opening and closing positions on the same day, and the profit and loss extended to closing positions refers to the profit and loss of closing positions on the previous opening day.
The calculation formula is as follows:
Final profit and loss = average historical warehouse profit and loss+average current warehouse profit and loss
Average historical warehouse profit and loss = ∑ [(selling closing price-settlement price on the last trading day) * selling liquidation amount]+∑ [(settlement price on the last trading day-buying liquidation price) * buying liquidation amount]
Average profit and loss of the day = ∑ [(selling closing price of the day-buying opening price of the day) * selling closing amount]+∑ [(selling opening price of the day-buying closing price of the day) * buying closing amount]
If the customer does not close the position on the same day, the closing profit and loss will be 0.
Position profit and loss: as opposed to closing profit and loss. Also known as book profit and loss or floating profit and loss. Based on the settlement price of the day, the difference between the position value of the contract held by the trader at the closing of the transaction and the original position value. Position gain and loss is an unrealized gain and loss, which is usually not recognized as investment income according to the income of accounting subjects in realization principle. However, due to the high risk of futures investment, it is necessary to disclose it in order to provide decision-making information to users of financial statements. Therefore, it can be reflected in the futures investment income account, and it can also be reflected by setting the position gain and loss of the secondary subject under futures, which is different from the realized futures investment gain and loss.
computing formula
Position profit and loss = historical position profit and loss+opening profit and loss of the day.
Historical position profit and loss = ∑ [(settlement price of the current day-settlement price of the previous day) * buying position]+∑ [(settlement price of the previous trading day-settlement price of the current day) * selling position]
The front is buying and opening positions, and the settlement price of the day is equivalent to the selling price; Followed by selling and opening positions, the settlement price of the day is equivalent to the purchase price.
Opening profit and loss of the day = ∑ [(selling opening price-settlement price of the day) * selling opening quantity]+∑ [(settlement price of the day-buying opening price) * buying opening quantity]
accounting treatment
The Ministry of Finance [1997] No.44 Interim Provisions on Financial Management of Commodity Futures Trading clearly stipulates: "Floating profit and loss, also known as position profit and loss, refers to the potential profit and loss calculated according to the initial transaction price of the contract and the settlement price on the settlement date." There are the following provisions on floating profit and loss: the exchange "shall not calculate the floating profit and loss of members as the margin required for opening new positions"; The futures brokerage institution shall adjust the amount of the customer's margin deposit account on a daily basis according to the floating profit and loss of the customer. The floating profit of customers shall not be calculated as the margin required for opening new positions "; Futures investment enterprises "should adjust the amount of margin account according to the floating profit and loss list and capital settlement sheet of futures contracts bought or sold without reverse trading issued by futures brokerage institutions or futures exchanges, and set up a special account for property losses to be handled accordingly, which should not be included in the current profit and loss, but should be explained in the annual financial report", and "floating losses cannot be included in the current profit and loss in advance".