Xi 'an 1

Xi 'an, known as Chang 'an and Haojing in ancient times, is the capital of Shaanxi, a sub-provincial city and the core city of Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration. It used to be the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, the core area of the Belt and Road, an important central city in western China, and an important national scientific research, education and industrial base.

UNESCO's "World Historic City" was established 198 1. Located in the middle of Guanzhong Plain, it borders Weihe River in the north, Qinling Mountain in the south and Bashui Chang 'an.

Xi is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation, where more than ten dynasties established their capitals in history. Fenghao Capital, Qin Epang Palace, Terracotta Warriors, Han Weiyang Palace, Changle Palace, Sui Daxing City, Tang Daming Palace, Xingqing Palace, etc. Outline the "Chang' an Complex".

2. Nanjing

Nanjing, referred to as "Ning", was called Jinling and Jiankang in ancient times. It is the capital of Jiangsu, a sub-provincial city and the core city of Nanjing metropolitan area. It is an important central city in eastern China, an important scientific research and education base in China, and a comprehensive transportation hub approved by the State Council.

Nanjing is located in the east of China, in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and near the river. It is the headquarters of China Eastern Theater Command, the shipping and logistics center of yangtze river international, an important national gateway city driven by the Yangtze River Delta radiation, and an important node city where the eastern coastal economic belt and the Yangtze River economic belt meet strategically. ?

Nanjing is the first batch of national historical and cultural cities, an important birthplace of Chinese civilization, and has long been the political, economic and cultural center of southern China. It has blessed China several times in history and has a special position and value in the history of China.

There were ancient human activities in Nanjing as early as100-1.20 thousand years ago, and there was Nanjing ape-man life in Tangshan 350 thousand-600 thousand years ago. With a history of more than 7,000 years of civilization, nearly 2,600 years of city construction and nearly 500 years of capital construction, it is known as "the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties" and "the metropolis of the Ten Dynasties".

3. Beijing

Beijing, referred to as "Beijing" for short, is a provincial administrative region, capital, municipality directly under the Central Government, national central city, megacity, national political center, cultural center, international exchange center and scientific and technological innovation center of People's Republic of China (PRC). It is a world-famous ancient capital and a modern international city.

Beij is located in that north of China, with its cent at 1 16 20' east longitude and 39 56' north latitude. It borders Tianjin in the east and Hebei in the rest, with a total area of 164 10.54 square kilometers.

Beijing is one of the world famous historical and cultural cities and ancient capitals. As early as 700,000 years ago, the primitive tribe "Beijingers" appeared in Zhoukoudian, Beijing. Beijing has a history of more than 2000 years, and it was first recorded as "thistle".

In BC 1045, Beijing became the capital of thistle, swallow and other vassal States; Since Qin Shihuang unified China in 22 1 BC, Beijing has been an important town and local center in northern China.

Since 938, Beijing has successively become the capital of Liao, Jin, Yuan and Ming and Qing Dynasties. 1 949 65438+1October1was officially designated as the capital of People's Republic of China (PRC).

4. Luoyang

Luoyang, referred to as Luoyi and Luo Jing for short, is a prefecture-level city in Henan Province, with a total area of 15230 square kilometers, including 803 square kilometers in the urban area, 0/79 kilometers in western Henan, and 0/68 kilometers in the north and south.

It spans the north and south banks of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, bordering Zhengzhou in the east, Sanmenxia in the west, Jiaozuo in the north and Pingdingshan and Nanyang in the south.

Luoyang has a civilization history of more than 5,000 years, a city history of 4,000 years, and a capital construction of 1500 years. As far back as 500,000-600,000 years ago in the Paleolithic Age, Luoyang was inhabited by ancestors, Yu zoned Kyushu, and Heluo belonged to Guyuzhou.

Luoyang is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization, the eastern starting point of the Silk Road and the center of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal. More than ten dynasties established their capitals in Luoyang in history.

Luoyang has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate with an annual average temperature of 12.2-24.6℃. Luoyang's topography is high in the west and low in the east, with mountains and hills crisscrossing, and the terrain is complex, in which mountains account for 45.5 1%, hills for 40.73% and plains for 13.8%. The main rivers in Luoyang are Yellow River, Luohe River, Yihe River, Jianhe River and Ruhe River.

5. Kaifeng

Kaifeng, formerly known as Laoqiu, Daliang, Chenliu, Bianzhou, Tokyo, Bianjing and Bianliang, is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Henan Province. Located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, on the bank of the Yellow River, it is adjacent to Zhengzhou, the provincial capital in the west, Shangqiu in the east, Xuchang and Zhoukou in the south, and Xinxiang across the Yellow River in the north. Kaifeng is one of the first national historical and cultural cities, one of the five ancient capitals of China, and the famous ancient capital of the Eight Dynasties.

Kaifeng has four characteristics: rich cultural relics, long urban pattern, rich ancient city style and unique northern water city. Up to now, it has a history of 465,438+000 years.

In Xia Dynasty and Warring States Period, Wei, Hou Liang, Hou Jin, Hou Han, Hou Zhou, Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty successively established their capitals here, which is known as the ancient capital of eight dynasties and gave birth to the far-reaching "Song Wenhua".

Kaifeng is the only capital in the world where the central axis of the city has never changed, and the ruins of Chengdui City are rare in the world archaeological history and capital history. The capital of the Song Dynasty was the largest city in the world at that time.

Kaifeng is the creative place of The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, and it has the reputation of "Five Phoenix Taqi Tree Ming Xia, Yimen Ancient Imperial Country", "Fairy Boy Land of All Nations", "Bianjing Rich in the World" and "Tokyo Dream of China".

6. Hangzhou

Hangzhou, referred to as "Hangzhou" for short, is the capital of Zhejiang Province, a sub-provincial city and the core city of Hangzhou metropolitan area. It is the capital of Zhejiang Province, the economic, cultural, scientific and educational center of the whole province, and one of the central cities in the Yangtze River Delta.

Hangzhou is located in the southeast coast of China, the north of Zhejiang Province, the lower reaches of Qiantang River and the southern end of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is the core city of Greater Bay Area around Hangzhou Bay, the central city of G60 Science and Technology Corridor in Shanghai, Jiaxing and Hangzhou, and an important international e-commerce center.

There are many cultural relics in Hangzhou, and there are a lot of natural and human landscape relics in and around the West Lake. There are representative West Lake culture, Liangzhu culture, silk culture, tea culture, and many stories and legends handed down as representatives of Hangzhou culture.

Hangzhou has a history of more than 2200 years since the establishment of the county government in Qin Dynasty. It was the capital of Wu Yueguo and the Southern Song Dynasty. Because of its beautiful scenery, it is known as "paradise on earth".

7. Anyang

Anyang is a prefecture-level city in Henan Province, which was called Xiang, Yin, Ye, Yecheng, Yedu, Xiangzhou, etc. It is located in the northernmost part of Henan Province, at the junction of Henan, Shanxi and Hebei provinces, with Puyang in the east, Changzhi in the west, Hebi and Xinxiang in the south and Handan in the north.

Historically, Shang Dynasty, Cao Wei, Hou Zhao, Wei Ran, Yan Qian, Eastern Wei and Northern Qi all established their capitals in Anyang. Among the celebrities in Anyang, there are Pan Geng, Wu Ding, Shang Wang, Fu Hao, a female slave, a female general, Ximen Bao, Lin Xiangru, Xin, Xiang Yu, Cao Cao, the prime minister of three dynasties, Han Qi, and Yue Fei, a general who resisted gold.

Anyang is rich in human landscape and landscape scenery, with two world cultural heritages, namely Yin Ruins, Hongqi Canal and Taihang Grand Canyon, three national AAAAA-level tourist attractions, and 22 national key cultural relics protection units, including Qilicheng, Caocao Gaoling and Yuefei Temple.

8. Zhengzhou

Zhengzhou, referred to as Shangdu for short, is the capital of Henan Province, an important central city in central China, a megacity, an important comprehensive transportation hub, a commercial and logistics center, a central city of Central Plains urban agglomeration and a national garden city.

It is located in the north of central Henan Province, adjacent to Kaifeng in the east, Luoyang in the west, Xinxiang and Jiaozuo across the Yellow River in the north, and Xuchang and Pingdingshan in the south. Its geographical coordinates are112 42'-11414', and the north latitude is 34 65438. ?

Zhengzhou City is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the transition zone from the northeast wing of Funiu Mountain Range to Huanghuai Plain. The terrain is high in the west and low in the east, high in the middle and low in the northeast or southeast. It belongs to the continental monsoon climate in the north temperate zone with four distinct seasons.

Zhengzhou is an important hub city of railway, aviation, electric power and post and telecommunications in China, and has the largest freight marshalling station in Asia.

Zhengzhou Airport Port Area is the only comprehensive experimental zone of national airport economy in China, Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange is the first futures exchange in China, and Zhengzhou is also the core component of China (Henan) Pilot Free Trade Zone. ?

Zhengzhou is an important birthplace of Chinese civilization, a national historical and cultural city, one of the eight ancient capitals in China and one of the six national sites.

Zhengzhou has built its capital five times in history and is the hometown of Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of Chinese humanities. It has nearly 10,000 immovable cultural relics, including 2 world cultural heritages and 80 national key cultural relics protection units in 74 places.

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