19 16 the german empire decided to turn its attack focus to the western front again in an attempt to defeat France. The German high command chose the French fortress of Verdun as the target. Verdun is a prominent part of the Allied defense line, which poses a great threat to the penetration of German troops into France and Belgium. It is also a strong stronghold to Paris and the hub of the French front. The Battle of Verdun is a typical positional war and attrition war, with nearly 65,438 casualties on both sides. Most battles are artillery battles. At the beginning of March, the Germans launched a bloody battle in the Mas River area.
Name: Battle of Verdun
Location: Verdun.
Time: 1965438+February 2 1 06–65438+February19.
Participants: The Third Republic of France, the German Empire.
Result: French strategic victory.
Participating troops: France: 75th Division, about 1,140,000; Germany: 50 divisions, about 1, 250,000.
Casualties: France: 400,000-542,000 people, of which156,000 people were killed. Germany: 355,000-434,000, of which143,000 was killed.
Main Commanders: erich von Falcken Hein, Philip Betan.
Nickname: Verdun Meat Grinder1965438+At the beginning of 2006, the German Imperial High Command decided to shift its strategic focus to the west, and the German Chief of Staff, Fajinhan, targeted the famous French fortress-Verdun. Verdun is an important part of the British and French army front. Like a protruding tooth, it poses a serious threat to the German flank in northern France. Germany and France fought many times here, but the Germans failed to capture the fortress. If the Germans can seize Verdun in one fell swoop, it will deal a heavy blow to the French morale. At the same time, Verdun's occupation opened the way for the Germans to March into Paris, and when they occupied Paris, France would not be destroyed, and the remaining British and Russian troops would be fearless.
From 2006 1965438+ 1, Fajinhan quietly assembled his troops to attack Verdun. At the same time, the Germans openly sent more troops to Chambeni and made a gesture of launching an offensive in Chambeni. Fei Xia, commander-in-chief of the French army, was really taken in. Since 19 14, when the German army was unable to conquer Verdun and diverted its attack direction, the French army thought that Verdun fortress was outdated, and Fei Xia stopped strengthening it in 19 15. At this time, the German movement to Xiangbeni made Fei Xia extremely alert. He thought that the Germans would attack Shanbeni and then March into Paris from here. The Germans continued to quietly gather troops in the direction of Verdun. As the signs of assembly became more and more obvious and exposed, the British and French Coalition forces finally figured out the true intentions of the Germans. Fei Xia panicked and quickly sent more troops to Verdun. But by February 2 1 day, only two divisions had arrived in Verdun. On this day, the Germans began to attack Verdun. German artillery bombarded Verdun fortress with heavy artillery, and then launched a charge. The prologue of the battle of Verdun began. The German 1000 cannons, like thunder, took turns to charge higher and higher. Verdun fortress commander petain commanded the defenders and reinforcements to resist desperately. However, because the reinforcements only came to two divisions, plus his own two divisions, there were only four divisions in total, and they were pushed by the Germans for 6 kilometers on the first day. But it finally stabilized.
The battle was difficult for the French army. The German army has 27 divisions, 1000 cannons, while the French army has only 1 10000 men and 270 cannons. But at least it resisted the German attack. After the French reinforcements arrived, the two sides began a tug-of-war. The Germans didn't take Verdun in one fell swoop the day before, and they had already lost their fighters. Both sides are sending more troops to Verdun, and they are fighting a life-and-death war. After fierce fighting in April, the strength of the French army is comparable to that of the German army. The Germans were in a hurry, and the Crown Prince personally signed it, using gas bombs for the first time. But the French army stopped the German attack again and again in front of the fortress. In July, the German army launched its last offensive climax, but it was still resisted by the French army. In autumn, the French army began to counterattack.
In the Battle of Verdun, Germany and France invested nearly 2 million troops, and the total number of casualties reached more than 6,543,800. The Germans exhausted their energy in this battle. After the French counterattack began, they successively recovered large areas of land east of Verdun, and the Germans were losing ground. By 19 17, the German-Austrian camp was gradually declining, and finally defeated and surrendered at 19 18, and the First World War ended immediately. The Battle of Verdun was the decisive battle and turning point of the First World War. The Germans failed to realize their plan to occupy Verdun and outflank South Paris Road. After running out of troops, I couldn't find a way out and finally failed.
Historical background
19 14 Germany failed to win quickly, and the European battlefield formed a stalemate trench war on the western front, and both warring parties could not move forward. 19 15 Germany failed in several attacks. German general von Fajinhan believes that if we strengthen our attack on France and force the French army to invest all its troops, France will die of consumption. He chose the fortress of Verdun in Meuse Heights as the main attack point. Verdun, a small city in the northeast of France, is the main road to Paris and is known as the "key to Paris". Can make France "shed the last drop of blood." 19 16 The famous Battle of Verdun, which took place here, was the turning point of the First World War, and the German Empire gradually went to the final defeat.
Activity attempt
During the First World War, the German and French armies fought in the areas where Verdun had bases from February 19 16 to February 12.
Battle attempt and deployment of troops1965438+At the beginning of 2006, the German high command planned to defend on the eastern front, concentrated its forces to contain the Verdun projection of the French army on the western front and consume the main force of the French army, forcing France to surrender.
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