Enterprise information network refers to a computer network specially used for internal information management of an enterprise, generally dedicated to an enterprise, covering all departments of production, operation and management of the enterprise and providing exclusive access to the hardware, software and information resources of the whole enterprise.
According to the geographical distribution of enterprise management, enterprise information network can be local area network or wide area network. It can not only lay its own network transmission medium in a short distance, but also use public communication transmission medium in remote areas. It is an important technical basis of enterprise management information system.
In the enterprise information network, the information management function of business functions is provided by a microcomputer as a network workstation to collect and process daily business data, while the control center and data sharing and management center of the network are realized by a network server or a powerful central host. For widely distributed branches, offices, warehouses and other off-site business departments, according to the scale of business management and the characteristics of information processing, it can be realized by remote interconnection of remote simulation terminals, network remote workstations or local area networks.
At present, enterprise information network has become an important feature of modern enterprises and the basis of effective management. Through the enterprise information network, enterprises can get rid of the inconvenience caused by geographical location, manage and control the businesses widely distributed in various places in time, realize the information sharing within the whole enterprise, and greatly improve the competitiveness of enterprises in the global market.
Example of enterprise information network:
Computer network application-online transaction processing
Online transaction processing refers to connecting business processing computer equipment or networks distributed in different geographical locations with the network of business management center by using computer networks, so that business processing activities or customer service can be processed uniformly and in real time at any network node.
Online transaction processing is widely used in finance, securities, futures and information service systems.
● If the banking network of the financial system covers the whole country or even the whole world through dial-up lines, special lines, packet-switched networks and satellite communication networks, it can realize a wide range of deposit and withdrawal business, and carry out nationwide fund settlement and transfer at any branch.
● On the ATM network, users can use credit cards to obtain withdrawal, deposit and transfer services on any ATM machine.
On the futures and securities trading network, all member companies all over the country can make quotations, trades, deliveries, settlements and information inquiries locally through computers. In addition, the civil aviation booking and ticketing system is also a typical online transaction processing, which provides booking and ticketing services for civil aviation tickets nationwide or even globally.
Computer Network Application-POS System
POS (Point of Sale) system is a commercial enterprise management information system based on computer network, which connects the commercial cash register used for payment settlement on the counter with the computer system to provide real-time and comprehensive information management and service for commodity trading.
The commercial cash register itself is a special computer, which has the functions of commodity information storage, commodity transaction processing, sales document printing and so on. It can be used alone in commercial point of sale, or it can run on the network as a network workstation.
●POS system connects all cash registers in the mall with the information system host of the mall, realizes the comprehensive management of the shopping mall's invoicing business, and can communicate with the banking network to support customers to settle accounts directly by credit card.
●POS system can not only systematize the business management of purchasing, selling and storing of commercial enterprises, improve the service quality and management level, but also combine with other business management of the whole enterprise to provide information basis for comprehensive management of enterprises and support business analysis and decision-making.
Computer Network Application-E-mail System
E-mail system is a non-real-time communication system based on the functions of data processing, storage and transmission of computers and computer networks.
● The basic principle of e-mail is to create an e-mail box (open a special storage area) for each e-mail user in the memory of the computer network host or server, and give him an e-mail address. The e-mail sender can edit the e-mail on a computer network workstation (such as a PC) and indicate the destination of the e-mail through the e-mail address of the recipient; After the mail is sent, the network communication equipment determines the best transmission path according to the destination address in the mail, transmits the mail to the network host or server where the recipient is located, and stores it in the corresponding mailbox; The recipient can open his mailbox at any time through the network workstation to check the received email information.
● Advanced e-mail system can provide various types of e-mail functions such as "text e-mail", "voice e-mail" and "graphic e-mail", support multimedia e-mail such as data, text, voice, graphics and images, and send various programs and data files as attachments with e-mail. Therefore, many e-mail-based network applications can be built.
At present, e-mail services all over the world are provided through data communication networks based on packet switching technology. With the increase of network capacity and network users, e-mail will gradually replace the traditional letter delivery system and become a widely used non-real-time communication means.
Computer Network Application-Electronic Data Interchange System
● Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is a special system for trade business management based on e-mail system. It adopts the internationally recognized standard format, and quickly transmits business information related to trade, transportation, finance, customs and insurance between the computer systems of trading partners according to the agreement, and completes the business processing process centered on trade.
● EDI is sometimes called paperless trade because it can replace a large number of written trade documents and documents passed between traders in the past.
● The application of ●EDI is based on the format standard of business documents and documents and the protocol standard of network communication. Business information is the object of EDI processing, such as standardized business documents such as orders, invoices, customs declarations, import and export licenses, insurance policies and freight orders. Their format standards are very important, which determine that EDI information can be recognized and processed by computer systems of different trading partners. The information format standard of EDI generally adopts the EDIFACT standard formulated and recommended by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
●EDI is suitable for industries and departments that need to process and exchange a large number of documents. Its business features are day trading, periodic operation, large-capacity data transmission and data processing. At present, EDI is widely used in Europe, North America, Oceania, Japan, South Korea and Singapore in the Asia-Pacific region. Some countries clearly stipulate that import licenses, customs declarations and other trade documents using EDI technology should be given priority in examination and approval, while written documents should be delayed. The rapid development of international EDI application has promoted the development of EDI work in China. 199 1 China established "China coordinating group for promoting EDI application" and joined relevant international organizations. The application and development of EDI have been included in the national scientific and technological research plan. The economic and trade commission, customs, banking, transportation and other systems and some provinces and cities have carried out research and application work to varying degrees, and some have begun trial operation. Judging from the current level of scientific and technological development, the realization of EDI is not a technical problem, but a management problem.