1960 in September, representatives of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela met in Baghdad and decided to unite with western oil companies to safeguard oil revenue. 14, the five countries announced the establishment of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). With the increase of its members, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries has developed into an international oil organization composed of some major oil-producing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The headquarters of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is located in Vienna.

When the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries was founded, there were five member countries. Later, Algeria, Ecuador, Gabon, Indonesia, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, United Arab Emirates and other countries joined in succession, and the number of member countries once reached 13. 1 99265438+1October1,Ecuador officially withdrew, Gabon withdrew 1996. At present, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries has 1 1 member countries, which has more than 78% of the world's proven oil reserves and provides more than 40% of oil consumption.

In 2003, the total oil reserves of the members of the organization were1191250,000 tons, accounting for about 69% of the world's oil reserves, among which the top three members were Saudi Arabia (35,534.2 million tons) and Iran (654.38+072.38). In 2003, the crude oil output of the members of the organization was13438+08 million tons, accounting for about 39% of the world's annual oil output. The top three members are Saudi Arabia (42.65438+0.5 billion tons), Iran (65.438+0.865 billion tons) and Nigeria (65.438+0.06 billion tons).

Representatives of member countries of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (mainly heads of delegations) coordinated and unified their respective oil policies at the meeting of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries in order to promote the stability and prosperity of the oil market. The secretariat of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is responsible for the daily affairs of the organization, accepts the instructions of the Council and is directly under the leadership of the Secretary-General. The Economic Committee, Ministerial Supervision Committee and other executive bodies of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries perform many functions, such as consultation, consultation and coordination. Members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries analyze and predict the current situation and market trends, clarify many basic factors such as economic growth rate and oil supply and demand, and then negotiate what adjustments to make in oil policy. For example, at the previous meeting, the members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries decided to increase or decrease the overall oil production of the organization, so as to maintain the stability of oil prices and provide stable short-,medium-and even long-term oil supplies for consuming countries.