] As my country's economy continues to grow, real estate prices in major and medium-sized cities in my country have risen rapidly. In view of the reasons for the increase, this article proposes measures to continuously improve the regulation of real estate prices, such as improving the supply structure of the real estate market and improving the housing security system; paying attention to the regulatory role of land supply policies on land prices, improving the land reserve system, etc., in order to promote the healthy development of the real estate market .

[Keywords] Real estate regulation, housing price rise, macro-control

The real estate industry has become a pillar industry of our country’s national economy. Due to its high industry correlation, strong driving force, and connection with people’s lives closely, so its price fluctuations will directly affect the normal operation of the entire national economy. The rapid rise in real estate prices has caused a large amount of capital to accumulate in some areas, exacerbating the gap between the rich and the poor in my country. Moreover, the long-term increase in housing prices can easily cause distortion of price signals, trigger false prosperity in the real estate market, the emergence of real estate bubbles, and increase financial risks for banks. Endanger financial security. The housing price issue has become a hot issue of widespread social concern. At the same time, relevant departments of my country's central government continue to issue policies and regulations to stabilize housing prices and strengthen macro-control of the real estate market. However, in a market economy, stabilizing and regulating housing prices is a very complex project. Only by in-depth study of the various causes of rising real estate prices and continuous improvement of regulatory measures can the healthy development of the real estate market be promoted.

1. Analysis of the reasons for the rise in real estate prices in my country

1. The absence of government management is an important reason for the rise in real estate prices

The absence of government management departments As a result, the real estate market lacks an open, fair and just market mechanism. Due to the imperfect market access system of development companies and intermediaries, a large number of illegal and illegal sales behaviors of commercial housing have occurred, such as fabricating sales contracts and hoarding housing; publishing false price and sales progress information, maliciously driving up housing prices, and deceiving consumers to compete for purchases. ; and failure to meet the start time, completion time, etc. In the face of these violations, the relevant administrative departments of governments at all levels did not take timely and effective measures to provide administrative intervention, resulting in serious information asymmetry in the real estate market and failing to create a transparent and orderly real estate market for consumers. In addition, in order to pursue political achievements, many local governments openly or covertly support the investment of real estate developers without imposing restrictions or guidance on the direction of investment. As a result, in recent years, my country's real estate market has experienced a structural imbalance between supply and demand, resulting in some mid- to high-end real estate products. There is a backlog, while ordinary commercial housing with high demand is in short supply, resulting in rising prices.

2. Increased costs are the intrinsic reason for the rise in real estate prices

Under the market mechanism, the determination of housing prices also depends on the construction cost of the house. In the development of urban commercial housing in my country, the construction cost of houses continues to rise. There are three main factors leading to the increase in housing construction costs: First, the increase in land costs. Currently, the proportion of land in the construction cost of a house is about 25%, and it is even higher in some areas. Due to the needs of my country's national economic development and urbanization construction, the demand for land is increasing day by day, causing land prices to rise rapidly. The rise in land prices will inevitably lead to an increase in the entire housing price development cost, thereby promoting the rapid rise in housing prices. Second, the price of building materials has increased. In recent years, the prices of construction materials such as cement, steel bars, and aluminum alloys have increased significantly, becoming a driving factor for rising housing prices. Third, supporting costs and taxes for urban construction continue to increase. This has also increased housing development costs to a certain extent and pushed up housing sales prices.

3. Consumer expectations are the fundamental reason for the rise in real estate prices

Under market economy conditions, what really determines housing prices is not how many houses developers want to sell, or residents’ consumption. How many houses are needed depends on the general economic expectations of society. Economic expectations have a much greater impact on housing prices than the actual relationship between supply and demand. In recent years, my country's macro-economy has continued to improve, GDP has grown rapidly, and per capita income has continued to increase. People are generally optimistic about future economic expectations. Therefore, the continued rise in real estate prices also makes home buyers expect that housing prices will be higher in the future, and thus decide to buy early. Government policies such as tightening the supply of loans for real estate development projects through banks and strictly controlling the scale of converting agricultural land into construction land, from Macroeconomic control measures such as tight control of land supply for real estate development have also further raised consumer expectations, resulting in an expansion in demand for real estate products and a de facto rise in real estate prices.

4. Large demand is the direct cause of the rise in real estate prices

The demand for real estate is mainly divided into consumer demand and investment demand. In terms of consumer demand, in recent years, with the development of China's economy, the acceleration of urbanization, the acceleration of old city renovation, and the birth peak in the 1980s, the number of people getting married has increased significantly in recent years, forming a huge impact on the real estate market. needs. At the same time, the increase in income and the implementation of the housing mortgage policy have made it possible for their desire to buy a house to become a reality, and they have become a major consumer force in the property market. At the same time, with the further advancement of urbanization, a large number of people are pouring into central cities, as well as factors such as land acquisition and demolition for urban construction, which will inevitably create a large amount of rigid consumer demand.

In terms of investment demand, with the healthy and rapid development of my country's economy in recent years, residents' disposable income has increased, private funds are abundant, and a large amount of funds need to find investment channels, and investment tools such as stocks, futures, and funds The income is not guaranteed, coupled with long-term low interest rates, and the demonstration effect of rising housing prices, the investment purchase of houses has grown rapidly and maintained a high proportion. Some ordinary citizens have also used their savings to purchase houses to preserve their value. value added. The large-scale influx of foreign capital into my country's real estate market has also increased the investment demand for real estate.

2. Suggestions for improving real estate price control

1. Improve the supply structure of the real estate market and improve the housing security system

First, vigorously develop affordable housing and Low-rent housing. The government must appropriately control the development and construction of high-end commercial housing, high-end apartments, and villas through scientific planning and relevant policy guidance, ensure the supply of land for ordinary commercial housing, affordable housing, and low-rent housing, and increase the supply of land for ordinary commercial housing, affordable housing, and low-rent housing. Proportion of low-rent housing supply. At the same time, we will continue to improve and perfect relevant supply policies for affordable housing and low-rent housing, strengthen the government's housing security functions, identify supply targets for affordable housing, implement various preferential measures, strictly control residential unit types and construction standards, and review housing sales. We will strengthen the supervision of purchasing and after-sales links to make housing prices compatible with the housing affordability of most households, especially focusing on solving the housing problems of low- and middle-income families.

Secondly, accelerate the construction of the second-hand housing market and the development of the housing rental market. At present, my country's second-hand housing market and housing rental market are not very developed. By further simplifying transaction procedures and promoting the circulation of existing housing stock, it will help stabilize housing prices and meet the housing needs of the majority of low- and middle-income families. Reduce the rent of rental housing through competition and lower rental costs, and encourage low- and middle-income people to rent housing to solve their housing problems.

2. Pay attention to the regulatory role of land supply policy on land prices and improve the land reserve system

Through the implementation of the land acquisition reserve system, rationally regulate land supply and market prices, and improve land transactions Market openness and transparency, improve relevant laws and regulations, establish necessary supervision mechanisms, and reasonably distribute the interests between the government and original land users. The land acquisition and reserve center should timely grasp market information and regulate the total supply of land based on economic development goals and market demand. For the development of high-end commercial housing, appropriate restrictions should be placed on the total amount of land supply; for the development of commercial housing and affordable housing for residents, the land use should be appropriately relaxed, and preferential tax policies should be given, so that the government, the general public, and Real estate developers have become real beneficiaries. Therefore, paying attention to and effectively utilizing land supply policies, strengthening the regulation of land prices, and improving the land reserve system will be conducive to the rational and efficient use of scarce land resources and the effective operation of the entire real estate market.

3. Improve the reform of the real estate tax system and strengthen the control of real estate credit

For the payment of land use fees, an annual property tax can be collected, which will not only reduce the It will not only reduce the burden on developers and consumers, but also promote sustained and stable growth of government revenue. The setting of taxes and fees can also be adjusted according to changes in market conditions. We can learn from foreign tax policies of "broad tax base, fewer tax types, and low tax rates" to gradually strengthen real estate tax and property tax, reduce the transfer tax of real estate, and promote the development of real estate. circulation and consumption. At the same time, we will continue to improve housing credit policies, vigorously develop portfolio loan business that combines housing provident funds and commercial loans, and give full play to the role of housing provident funds in supporting individual housing loans. In addition, we should effectively strengthen the supervision of real estate loans, improve the housing provident fund management system and the personal housing mortgage loan supervision mechanism, disperse and reduce investment risks in the real estate market, and provide comprehensive, high-quality financial support and services for urban residents to purchase houses.

4. Expand the investment channels of private capital and strengthen the management of foreign capital entering our country’s real estate market

In the wave of rising housing prices, some private capital and some foreign capital have participated in the reselling of housing. , speculation, also contributed to the rise in housing prices. Therefore, for private capital, the government should actively take measures to activate private capital investment in other fields, further relax investment areas and broaden investment channels by adjusting the market access policy for private capital. Regarding the entry of foreign capital into my country's real estate market, we should attach great importance to its impact on the real estate market from the perspective of maintaining national economic security and preventing the loss of national wealth. We must formulate corresponding countermeasures to limit foreign capital's participation in short-term speculation and encourage them to participate in the long-term development of our country's real estate industry. Truly promote the healthy development of my country's real estate industry.

5. Strengthen market supervision and informatization construction, and establish an open, transparent, and standardized real estate market transaction environment

Strengthen the change of thinking on the management of the real estate industry, from the preliminary approval of the original project Transform into full-service services and supervision, increase market rectification efforts, carry out special rectification work on the real estate market, seriously investigate and deal with various violations in real estate development, transactions, and intermediary services, and expose and impose necessary penalties on illegal enterprises.

Establish and improve the real estate credit system, strengthen public opinion supervision, punish dishonest market entities, promote fair competition in the market, and establish an open, transparent, and standardized real estate market transaction environment. In addition, accelerate the construction of the real estate market information system, increase market information service functions, focus on the analysis of data generated by the market information system, scientifically reflect and evaluate various types of housing prices, timely changing information and market development trends, through comprehensive, timely and accurate Provide market information to real estate developers and consumers, avoid speculation on housing prices, and guide the rational development of the market.