Financial management methods:

bond

Bond is a kind of financial contract, which is a creditor's right and debt certificate issued to investors when the government, financial institutions and industrial and commercial enterprises directly borrow money from the society to raise funds. At the same time, they promise to pay interest at a certain interest rate and repay the principal according to the agreed conditions.

The essence of a bond is a certificate of debt, which has legal effect. There is a creditor-debtor relationship between bond buyers or investors and issuers. Bond issuers are debtors and investors (bond buyers) are creditors.

Bond is a valuable security. Because the interest of bonds is usually determined in advance, bonds are a kind of fixed-interest securities. In countries and regions with developed financial markets, bonds can be listed and circulated. In China, the typical government bonds are short-term treasury bills.

stock

Stock is the abbreviation of share certificate, which is a kind of securities issued by a joint-stock company to shareholders as a holding certificate to raise funds and obtain dividends and bonuses. Each share represents the shareholder's ownership of the basic unit of the enterprise.

Every stock in the same category represents the equal ownership of the company. The share of ownership of the company owned by each shareholder depends on the proportion of shares held by each shareholder to the total share capital of the company. Shares are part of the capital of a joint-stock company and can be transferred, traded or mortgaged at a fixed price. It is the main long-term credit tool in the capital market, but the company cannot be required to return its capital contribution.

fund

Fund is a collective investment form that collects the funds of many investors by selling fund shares, and is managed by fund custodian and fund manager, sharing benefits and taking risks in the form of multiple portfolios. Since the fund is managed by professionals, investors don't need to spend too much energy on it. Moreover, fund managers can easily invest in various forms with concentrated funds, which is also impossible for ordinary investors.

foreign exchange

Foreign exchange is a payment voucher expressed in foreign currency for international settlement. Including: foreign currency, foreign currency deposits, foreign currency securities (government bonds, treasury bonds, corporate bonds, stocks, etc.). ) and foreign currency payment vouchers (bills, bank deposit vouchers, postal savings vouchers, etc.). ). Investors make profits by trading in foreign exchange through the differences in exchange rates of various currencies.

insurance

Insurance refers to the commercial insurance behavior that the applicant pays the insurance premium to the insurer according to the contract, and the insurer is liable for the property losses caused by the possible accidents agreed in the contract.

The initial insurance business is only a guarantee for our life, preparing for possible emergencies and avoiding the impact of emergencies on the living standards of families. In recent years, the insurance business has also slowly introduced some wealth management products, focusing on investors' dividends and interest, taking into account some security functions. This is what many people are optimistic about.

Gold and silver

Gold and silver are precious metals with anti-inflation function. In today's high inflation, gold trading has attracted more investors' attention. Silver has attracted more and more attention because its entry threshold is lower than that of gold. At present, the investment in gold and silver can usually be divided into physical investment, spot trading and futures trading.

future

Futures is a kind of contract, which is a tradable contract based on some bulk products such as cotton, soybean and oil and financial assets such as stocks and bonds. The delivery date of futures can be one week later, one month later, three months later or even one year later. A contract or agreement to buy or sell futures is called a futures contract. The place where futures are bought and sold is called the futures market.

spot goods

Spot refers to the physical objects that can be shipped, stored and manufactured, also known as physical objects. The spot available for delivery can be converted into cash on the basis of spot or forward, or the payment can be made in advance, and the buyer can pay in a very short time. Symmetry of futures. At present, what people usually say about spot trading refers to spot electronic trading.