The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" puts forward: "Adhere to the strictest farmland protection system, adhere to the red line of cultivated land, implement the strategy of storing grain on the ground and storing grain in technology, improve grain production capacity, and ensure that food is basically self-sufficient and rations are absolutely safe."
"storing grain locally and storing grain technically" is a new idea for the central government to ensure grain production capacity, and it is also a new way for the national "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan". This means that we will no longer blindly pursue the sustained growth of grain output, but promote the construction of grain production capacity and sustainable growth by improving grain production capacity and protecting the ecological environment.
Meaning.
Above-ground grain storage: The core of above-ground grain storage is cultivated land, that is, cultivated land protection. We will resolutely curb the "non-agriculturalization" of cultivated land, prevent the "non-agriculturalization" of cultivated land, firmly hold the red line of 654.38+0.8 billion mu of cultivated land, and ensure that 654.38+0.5 billion mu of permanent basic farmland mainly grows annual crops such as grain, melons and vegetables. Ensure that the sown area of grain is not reduced. At the same time, it is necessary to protect and make good use of the giant pandas in the black land, especially in the granaries in Northeast China.
Measures of food security strategy:
1, improve the comprehensive production capacity.
First, store grain in the ground, keep the red line of 65.438+0.8 billion mu of cultivated land, and at the same time strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland to ensure the harvest of drought and flood. In recent years 18, China has had bumper harvests year after year, which broke the previous cycle of "two increases, one reduction and one leveling", mainly because of this. The second is to store grain through science and technology. Compared with 1978, the sown area of grain decreased by 57 million mu in 2020, but the yield more than doubled, mainly due to improved varieties and good methods.
The third is to optimize the regional layout. Different agricultural products often have comparative advantages in some fields, and optimizing the layout is an important way to reduce costs and improve efficiency.
2. Protect and mobilize the enthusiasm of growing grain.
The first is to mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain. After the abolition of agricultural tax, the state gradually established and improved the support and protection system for agriculture, implemented producer subsidies, established the minimum purchase price system and strengthened the service system. The second is to mobilize the enthusiasm of agricultural science and technology personnel. Since the 18th National Congress, the state has promoted the reform of agricultural scientific research institutions and implemented the personnel appointment system.
Build a trading platform for scientific research achievements; While strengthening the public welfare function, we should liberalize business services and allow scientific researchers and technology extension personnel to start their own businesses and hold shares for part-time jobs. The third is to mobilize the enthusiasm of local governments to catch grain. In order to solve the problem of "big grain-producing counties, small economic counties and poor financial counties", the central government implemented the incentive policy for big grain-producing counties in 2005 and increased financial transfer payments.
3, improve the grain reserve system, smooth grain market circulation.
China's grain circulation has undergone a historic transformation from unified purchase and marketing, unified distribution to multi-channel circulation, and then to the marketization of grain purchase and sale. At present, the market regulation from purchase and sale to processing transformation has been basically realized, and a market system with complete market types and diversified trading methods and a grain logistics system extending in all directions has been established from spot market to futures market and from wholesale market to online trading.