1. Financial market: It is a market that realizes financial asset transactions and service transactions.

2. Money market: Also known as the short-term capital market, it refers to the financial market in which assets are traded within one year.

3. Capital market: Also known as the long-term capital market, it refers to the financial market in which assets are traded for more than one year or have no maturity period.

4. The third market: refers to the market formed by securities that have been listed and traded on the stock exchange but are traded outside the stock exchange. It is actually an over-the-counter market for listed securities and is part of the over-the-counter market.

5. The fourth market: refers to the over-the-counter market where bulk securities transactions are conducted directly through the computer network without the intermediary of brokers.

6. Primary market: refers to the market where newly issued securities are sold from issuers to investors, that is, the securities issuance market.

7. Secondary market: The securities circulation market refers to the market for trading of issued securities.

8. Spot market: refers to the market in which securities are delivered in a timely manner according to the transaction price after the transaction is completed.

9. Futures market: refers to a market where buyers and sellers agree to trade a certain amount of a certain commodity on a certain date in the future according to the conditions agreed upon by both parties at the time of transaction.

10. Interbank lending market: It is a market for temporary short-term funds lending and borrowing between banks or between banks and other financial institutions.

11. Large transferable certificate of deposit: It is a securitized deposit certificate issued by the bank to the depositor according to a certain period and agreed interest rate, and can be circulated and transferred in the secondary market before maturity.

12. Financial bonds: bonds issued by financial companies.

13. Corporate bonds: They are debt instruments issued by non-financial companies.

14. Transfer discount: It is the transfer of undue bills purchased by a bank at discount to other commercial banks.

15. Rediscounting refers to the act of a discount bank holding an unexpired discounted bill to discount it to the People's Bank of China, and obtaining a re-loan from the People's Bank of China by transferring the bill.

16. Stock price index: It is obtained by dividing the total market value of sample stocks during the calculation period by the total market value of the base period and then multiplying it by the base period index.

17. Duration: refers to the average period for recovering investment calculated by weighting the present value of cash flows of each period of financial assets.

18. Financial innovation: a general term that refers to new businesses, new technologies, new tools, new institutions, new markets and new institutional arrangements that appear in the financial field and are different from the past. From an economics perspective, financial innovation refers to constructing a new financial production function based on the principle of maximization by introducing new financial elements or recombining existing financial elements.

19. Financial forward contract: It is a written agreement in which both parties agree to purchase or sell an asset at a set price on a specific date in the future.

20. Financial futures contract: It refers to a written agreement between the buyer and the seller to trade a certain commodity on a certain date in the future according to the conditions established by both parties at the time of transaction. It is a standardized forward contract. The underlying assets traded, contract size, contract period, contract delivery arrangements and other factors all adopt fixed standards.

21. Financial options contract: It is the right to buy or sell a certain amount of basic financial products before the expiration date of the contract (or on the expiration date).

22. Call option: The buyer of the option has the right to buy a certain financial asset at the agreed price within the agreed period.

23. Put option: The buyer of the option has the right to sell a certain financial asset at the agreed price within the agreed period.

24. Currency swap: refers to an agreement between the two parties to exchange the cash flow expressed in one currency with the other party's cash flow expressed in another currency.

25. Interest rate swap: It refers to that the two parties of the transaction use a certain nominal principal as the basis to exchange the flow of interest income (expense) generated by the principal calculated at one interest rate with the other party's other party. The flow of interest income (expense) calculated at a certain interest rate.

26. Cross swap: It is a combination of currency swap and interest rate swap. The cash flows of both parties to the transaction use different pricing currencies and interest rates.

27. Structured products: It is a type of financial innovation product based on financial engineering knowledge and using different combinations of basic financial instruments and financial derivatives.

28. Indexed currency option note: It is a bond that causes the amount received by the holder on the maturity date to change with changes in a certain foreign exchange rate.

29. Hedge fund: It is a private limited partnership that invests in a variety of securities.

30. Financial swap transactions: Mainly conducted through the over-the-counter market. The two parties to the transaction sign a swap agreement and have cash flows of different contents or properties in a certain period in the future.

31. Venture capital company: It is a specialized venture fund (or venture capital) that effectively invests the funds it manages into high-tech enterprises with profit potential, and obtains them through the latter's listing or mergers and acquisitions. capital-rewarding enterprises.