If someone sells his stock at 6000 points and buys it back at 2000 points, it can be said that he has made money, that is to say, his stock is still there, but he earned 2/3 of its market value at 6000 points.

Futures can be short (the essence of futures is to sign a sales contract). Let's take shorting wheat as an example (the seller may not have the goods in his hand when signing the selling contract) to explain the principle of shorting futures:

When the price of wheat is 2000 yuan per ton, it is estimated that the price of wheat will fall. You signed a first-hand (65,438+00 tons) selling contract with the buyer in the futures market. (For example, it is agreed that you can sell him 10 tons of standard wheat at any time within six months, at a price of 2,000 yuan per ton. (Contract amount is 2000× 10 =)

This is short selling (selling open positions). In practice, you are selling open wheat futures contracts.

Why should a buyer sign a contract with you? Because he's awesome.

When signing a contract, you don't necessarily have wheat in your hand (generally you don't really want to sell wheat). If you observe the market, the market drops to 1.800 yuan per ton as you wish. You buy 100 tons of wheat in the market at the price of 1.800 yuan per ton and sell it to the buyer at the contract price of 2,000 yuan per ton.

(2000-1800) × 10 = 2000 (yuan) (the handling fee is generally10 yuan, which is ignored).

This is profit liquidation. In fact, you are buying a futures contract to liquidate primary wheat.

The buyer (not specified) who signed the contract with you lost 2000 yuan (the handling fee was ignored).

● Overall operation, you only need to sell one hand of wheat at 2000, and buy one flat at 1800, which is very convenient.

After the futures are opened, they can be closed at any time before the delivery date, or they can be bought and sold multiple times on the same day (generally, there is no handling fee for closing positions on the same day). If the price of wheat rises within half a year, you have no chance to buy low-priced wheat to close your position, you will be forced to buy high-priced wheat to close your position (the contract must be closed at the expiration), you will lose money, and the buyer who signed with you will make a profit.

If you close your position at 2200, you will lose money:

(2200-2000)× 10=2000 (yuan)+10 yuan handling fee.

The buyer (not specified) who signed the contract with you earned 2000 yuan (the handling fee was ignored).