The roller coaster is an exciting entertainment tool. That kind of quick, near-misses pleasure fascinates many people. If you are interested in physics. Then in the process of riding a roller coaster, you can not only experience the thrill of adventure, but also help to understand the laws of mechanics. In fact, the movement of roller coasters contains many physical principles, and people skillfully use these principles when designing roller coasters. It would be wonderful if we could experience the effects of energy conservation, acceleration and force interweaving. There is no need to think about physics this time. Just tighten your abdominal muscles and protect your stomach. Of course, if limited by physical conditions and psychological endurance, it is impossible to understand the feelings brought by roller coasters. You might as well stand by and watch carefully the movement of the roller coaster and the reaction of the riders.

The small train on the roller coaster was pushed to the highest point by the thrust of a mechanical device at first, but after the first descent, there was no device to provide power for it. In fact, from now on, the only "engine" that drives it along the track will be gravitational potential energy, that is, the process of converting potential energy into kinetic energy and kinetic energy into potential energy.

The first kind of energy, namely gravitational potential energy, is the energy possessed by an object because of its position, which comes from the height and acceleration caused by gravity. For a roller coaster, its potential energy reaches its maximum at the highest point, that is, when climbing to the top of the mountain. When the roller coaster begins to descend, its potential energy decreases (because its height decreases), but it will not disappear, but will be converted into kinetic energy, that is, the energy of motion. However, in the process of energy conversion, a small amount of mechanical energy (kinetic energy and potential energy) is lost because of the friction between the wheels of the roller coaster and the track. This is also why the mechanical energy required for the height of the subsequent hill when Cupid starts in the design.

The last carriage of the roller coaster is the most exciting gift that the roller coaster gives to brave passengers. In fact, the feeling of falling is strongest in the back compartment of the roller coaster. Because the last car passes through the highest point faster than the car at the head of the roller coaster, this is because gravity acts on the center of mass in the middle of the roller coaster. In this way, people who take the last car can quickly reach and cross the highest point, thus creating a feeling of being thrown away because the center of mass is accelerating. The wheels of the rear car should be firmly fixed on the track, otherwise the car may derail and fly out at the peak.

The car in front of the car is different. Its center of mass is behind. In a short time, although it is in a downward state, it is necessary to "wait" for the center of mass to cross the high point and be pushed by gravity.

When it reaches the "vertical cycle", the roller coaster traveling along the straight track suddenly turns upward. At this time, passengers will have a feeling of being pressed onto the track, because there will be an obvious centrifugal force at this time. In fact, due to the interaction between the track and roller coaster, there is centripetal force on the circular track. This circular track is drop-shaped to "balance" the braking effect of gravity. When the roller coaster reaches the highest point of the circular track, it will actually slow down, but if it bends less, this phenomenon will be weakened. Once the roller coaster has completed its journey, the mechanical braking device will stop the roller coaster very safely. The speed of deceleration is controlled by the air pressure in the cylinder.