What is the difference between superstring theory and string theory? Simply put, after adding the concept of supersymmetry to string theory, the string theory that only explains the strong interaction force has developed into the superstring theory that can "explain" the four basic forces and the particles that make up the matter-Fermion. According to superstring theory, fermions are also different vibration modes of strings. This theory "finds" a string with different vibration modes for each particle (proton, neutron, quark, gluon, graviton, etc.). ) In the standard model of quantum mechanical particles. After "adjusting" the 26-dimensional space-time of string theory to 10-dimensional space-time of superstring theory, the problem of "tachyon" derived from string theory was "solved", and string theory changed from a string theory hypothesis to a quantum theory to explain the micro-world.

Does this sound simple?

Writing physics science can be very simple, as long as you express a theory in popular language according to the script, you can muddle through. However, it is not so simple to explain a theory clearly. To explain the cause and effect of the establishment of a theory clearly and to make a systematic exposition of the development of physics will involve all aspects of physics. For example, analytical supersymmetry inevitably involves the spin of quantum mechanics and the polarization of classical electrodynamics, which are different descriptions of the same phenomenon. We live in the same universe, but there are four incompatible theories, namely, classical physics, relativity, quantum mechanics and chord theory, each of which is a complete ideological system. These are four completely different theoretical systems, and the only thing in common is to analyze the operating principle of our universe.

We know that there is only one truth and only one truth set, and we only need a set of theories that are logically consistent and can explain all the problems in the universe in a self-consistent way, that is, the ultimate theory. So far, no theory can reach the standard of ultimate theory, that is to say, the existing theory is incomplete. To put it more bluntly, classical physics, relativity, quantum mechanics and string theory can't describe and analyze the working principle of this world consistently.

Many scholars believe that string theory is expected to develop into the ultimate theory and is the best "seed player" of the ultimate theory.

This is indeed the mainstream view in physics.

But this conclusion does not affect people's belief that relativity and quantum mechanics are completely correct theories, and people's thoughts are so contradictory. At present, mainstream scholars' popular science articles or speeches generally start with classical physics (classical electrodynamics), and then talk about the basic viewpoints of relativity (light is a particle) and quantum mechanics (all quanta are particles). Finally, they always say that all quanta are vibrating strings.

This gives people the feeling that with the progress of human observation ability, human beings have solved the secret of quantum layer by layer like peeling onions. However, this concept is wrong. The fact is that these four theories are different interpretations of the same thing-quantum. Although there is an order of construction, these four theories are parallel, not linear. In fact, classical electrodynamics is a kind of quantum mechanics that regards quantum as wave, particle physics that regards quantum as wave-particle duality, and string theory is a kind of quantum mechanics that regards quantum as string. Please note that string theory is another independent quantum mechanics. The problem now is that wave-particle duality is out of date, and the current quantum is not wave-particle duality, but wave-particle string triplet. Are the same animals deer, horses and donkeys?

Both Yu and He Shengliang were born. Do we need so many kinds of quantum mechanics with completely different views?