Generally speaking, during the 1 ~ 5 years after graduation, the characteristics of this period are: generally low income, many friends and classmates, frequent parties, many romances and high expenses. Therefore, the financial management in this period is not based on investment profit, but on accumulation (funds or experience). The financial management steps in this period are: financial planning? Asset appreciation plan (here is asset appreciation in a broad sense, and there are many ways to invest, depending on your personal situation)? Emergency fund? Buy a house. What is the strategic policy? Accumulation is the main factor, supplemented by profit? . According to this policy, our specific suggestions are divided into three steps: saving, saving and investment.
Deposit, that is, you are required to take out a part of your income every month and deposit it in a bank account. Is this you? Gather sand into a tower, gather arms and gather sand into a tower? As the first step, it is generally recommended to withdraw 10% ~ 20% of monthly income deposits. Of course, this ratio is not completely fixed, it depends on the actual income and living consumption cost. But when it comes to saving money, I want to emphasize to you that you should pay attention to the order of saving money, and the order must be to save first and then spend. Don't save the rest of the money after spending it at the end of each month, which will easily ruin your savings plan.
Because if you save money first and then spend it on consumption every month, you will consciously save unnecessary expenses and won't feel hard up because of this part of the deposit; And if you spend first and then deposit, it's easy to spend the money you originally planned to save. So I suggest that you must form the good habit of saving first and then spending.
Saving, as the name implies, means saving money. Besides the monthly fixed deposit and basic living expenses, we try to reduce unnecessary expenses and use the saved money for deposit or investment (or insurance). Seeing this, many friends born in the 1970s and 1980s may find it difficult to implement this article and put it into practice. Province? Follow? Hey? 、? Mean? Equivalent derogatory behavior equals symbol.
In fact, this understanding is also biased. For example, like Lao Wang in the previous example, he spends 400 yuan on smoking every month. This is completely unnecessary consumption, which is harmful to health and affects the quality of personal life. You can quit, so the cost will be saved, and you can save four 800 yuan a year, which is enough to buy yourself a refundable health insurance of 6.5438+10,000 yuan!
Investment, after deducting monthly fixed deposits and fixed consumption, that part of the funds can be used for investment. For example: re-deposit, insurance, stocks (or other financial products), education and further study. Therefore, the investment we are talking about here is not just ordinary capital investment, but the general investment, education investment and insurance investment.
General investment advice: since there is no marriage or other big capital expenditure in the short term, you can improve your investment and financial management ability and accumulate experience in this area. 60% of the monthly available funds (excluding time deposits and basic living consumption) can be invested in stocks, stock funds or financial products with high risks and long-term returns such as foreign exchange and futures; 30% choose safer investment tools such as time savings, bonds or bond funds; 10% guarantees its liquidity in the form of current savings in case of emergency.
The above is our general advice to you. Of course, you can also use this part of the funds for education and insurance investment or make corresponding combinations according to your actual economic situation and personal character. The following is a comparison of the three inputs, and you can choose according to your actual situation.
universality
Investment financiers are suitable for short-term, medium-term and long-term investments in treasury bonds, stocks, funds, foreign exchange, securities, futures and antiques. Can quickly accumulate investment experience, improve personal financial quotient, and may quickly obtain high returns. At the same time, don't forget the high-risk aggressive types.
Education investment is intelligent, which is suitable for medium and long-term investment in degree study (postgraduate entrance examination/doctoral study/further study abroad) and skill training (English/vocational certificate, etc.). ), can enhance personal competitiveness, improve personal intangible property, may turn intangible into tangible learning period, and sometimes affect income; Education investment sometimes requires more funds, which will bring certain risks to individuals and families.
Insurance investment is safe, safety first, rational investment, suitable for long-term investment in personal life insurance, personal safety and basic family protection. Investors can do other things without worries, have no more wealth to make high-risk investments, and have fewer opportunities to obtain high returns.
Different life goals will lead to different financial plans. There will be many results after several simple schemes are combined in different proportions, so I won't go into details here. According to the financial management concept in this book, safety comes first, so we will advise ordinary' single friends to try to take a more prudent approach at the beginning of work, that is, saving+insurance, so as to ensure that you can successfully accumulate yourself for the next investment in the first few years of work? The first bucket of gold? .
You know, whether you want to invest in education (postgraduate entrance examination, doctoral study, work, going abroad), start a family (buying a house, decorating), or start a business investment, you can't do without accumulation. The first bucket of gold? Process (unless you have a good family, you don't need to go through this process) To this end, we put the accumulation? The first bucket of gold? This process is called. Lay the foundation? . Whether the house is built well depends on the foundation. Ordinary people? Lay the foundation? The way is to save. This shows the importance of saving.
Tips for saving: save first, then spend, and never wait until you have finished spending. Only in this way can you ensure that your deposit plan is carried out as scheduled.
How to save during family formation
The time is usually 1 ~ 5 years. From the beginning of work, the time period is generally 3 to 8 years after work, that is, from marriage to the birth of a child. I believe that most of my friends born in the 1970s and 1980s are at this stage. This stage is characterized by an increase in economic income and a stable life. Generally, two people live together, and the funds for financial management will be more abundant. However, in the face of marriage or having children, the problem of buying a house is generally solved.
To this end, the focus of financial management at this stage: financial savings plan? Buying a house? Buy hardware? Emergency fund. The focus of financial management should be to continue to maintain family savings and arrange the expenditure of family construction reasonably. The financial management strategy in this period is: insist on saving first and give consideration to buying real estate.
Regardless of the single period or the family formation period, savings is a very important financial management method for ordinary families, because due to lack of financial knowledge or fear of risks or other reasons, ordinary families have no (or few) other financial management methods, and savings, as a simple and effective value-added (despite the impact of inflation) financial management method, should be valued by us.
For young friends in the family formation period, our financial management still takes three steps: saving, buying a house and repaying the loan.
Deposit. Keep the habit of saving money every month. It is suggested to avoid unnecessary consumption as much as possible and fully prepare the funds for buying a house. If you don't have enough money to buy a house, you can concentrate on saving enough down payment and take out a loan to buy a house first (unless you have a stable source of income for a long time, we are not encouraged to borrow money, which is also helpless).
Of course, before making a plan to buy a house, you need to make two decisions: first, rent or buy a house; Second, how big a room to buy is appropriate. On these specific issues of buying a house, we will give you a detailed analysis in the following consumption articles. What I want to emphasize with my friends here is that buying a house is an extremely important financial investment and needs to be treated with caution. Here are only a few suggestions for buying a house.
Borrow as little as possible under permitted conditions. I suggest that you borrow as little as possible when buying a house, because buying a house loan can easily turn you from a rich man to a rich man? Negative Weng? , from the owner to? House slave? From then on, you will be overwhelmed by the heavy loan interest, leading to a sharp decline in the quality of life. Since then, I dare not consume or entertain, and my life has become dull.
This kind? House slave? Life has been common in many news, which is obviously contrary to our healthy and happy financial life concept. To this end, I once again advise you not to leave a large loan at home easily. Maybe you will be happy to spend tomorrow's money today, but it will also put your family in financial crisis. At this time, if anything happens, you will be caught off guard and hard to prevent.
Do what you can, not be greedy. Many friends visit friends who have bought a big house, and when they see someone else's 200-square-meter big house, brand-new decoration and exquisite furniture, they can't help but think that I want to buy such a big house. I believe many people will have this idea. Don't let this kind of psychology occupy your mind and hinder calm analysis and thinking.
When you try your best to buy a big house, but find that you have no money to decorate it, or find that the monthly repayment cost has far exceeded 30% of your monthly income, you will find that life has become dark, except for the house. It was a mistake to choose a big house.
To this end, according to the use of many friends after buying a house, we suggest that the young couple can buy a small two-bedroom apartment, less than 80 square meters. This room is more than enough for two people, even if a parent comes to visit, there is a place to live. 50~70 square meters is the most economical and suitable area. If the economic situation permits, you can buy a second house in the future, which will not make the life pressure at the beginning too great.
Buying experience: 1. Renting a house may not be as good as buying a house. You should weigh it carefully before buying a house. 2. Buy a house according to your ability. 3. Try not to do it? Negative Weng? 、? House slave? .
Wool is risky, please do what you can. If you feel unreliable, please give up.
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